Bioavailability and metabolism study of bisphenol A and phthalates in murine models
Authorship
B.A.L.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
B.A.L.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
The plastic material to which we are exposed on a daily basis usually contains chemical additives that improve its physicochemical properties. However, it has recently been discovered that many of these compounds can produce toxic effects in the organism. In the present study, eight phthalates and bisphenol A were selected for oral administration to Wistar rats in order to investigate their bioavailability. These compounds were studied both in their free form and associated with microplastics, and plasma samples were collected up to 72 hours post-exposure. An analytical methodology was developed, allowing the selective extraction of the chosen substances from the biological matrix through a protocol that included enzymatic de-conjugation and sample concentration. These samples were analysed by ultra-high resolution liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, using two acquisition methodologies to detect, on the one hand, concentration levels of precursor phthalates and, on the other hand, those of phthalate metabolites and bisphenol A. Thus, toxicokinetic parameters could be calculated and experimental groups were statistically compared. It was shown that, after administration, phthalates and bisphenol A are bioavailable and undergo transformations in the organism, resulting in the formation of metabolites. Generally, plasma concentrations were found to be higher for short-chain phthalates than for longest-chain (more hydrophobic) ones, which may exhibit lower bioavailability. When comparing the group that received the free compounds with the one that received them adsorbed onto microplastics, there were no overall differences for either bisphenol A, short-chain phthalates or longest-chain phthalates. Nevertheless, significant differences were found for some metabolites of phthalates with chains of six to eight carbon atoms, in which case bioavailability was enhanced by the adsorption to polyethylene. This is remarkable due to the continuous exposure we are subjected to and its health risk, and it emphasizes the need of further control and support for safer options.
The plastic material to which we are exposed on a daily basis usually contains chemical additives that improve its physicochemical properties. However, it has recently been discovered that many of these compounds can produce toxic effects in the organism. In the present study, eight phthalates and bisphenol A were selected for oral administration to Wistar rats in order to investigate their bioavailability. These compounds were studied both in their free form and associated with microplastics, and plasma samples were collected up to 72 hours post-exposure. An analytical methodology was developed, allowing the selective extraction of the chosen substances from the biological matrix through a protocol that included enzymatic de-conjugation and sample concentration. These samples were analysed by ultra-high resolution liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, using two acquisition methodologies to detect, on the one hand, concentration levels of precursor phthalates and, on the other hand, those of phthalate metabolites and bisphenol A. Thus, toxicokinetic parameters could be calculated and experimental groups were statistically compared. It was shown that, after administration, phthalates and bisphenol A are bioavailable and undergo transformations in the organism, resulting in the formation of metabolites. Generally, plasma concentrations were found to be higher for short-chain phthalates than for longest-chain (more hydrophobic) ones, which may exhibit lower bioavailability. When comparing the group that received the free compounds with the one that received them adsorbed onto microplastics, there were no overall differences for either bisphenol A, short-chain phthalates or longest-chain phthalates. Nevertheless, significant differences were found for some metabolites of phthalates with chains of six to eight carbon atoms, in which case bioavailability was enhanced by the adsorption to polyethylene. This is remarkable due to the continuous exposure we are subjected to and its health risk, and it emphasizes the need of further control and support for safer options.
Direction
RODIL RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL ROSARIO (Tutorships)
ESTEVEZ DANTA, ANDREA (Co-tutorships)
RODIL RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL ROSARIO (Tutorships)
ESTEVEZ DANTA, ANDREA (Co-tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Alginates as a structural component in synthetic cell walls of brown algae: impact of processing on rheological properties
Authorship
M.A.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
M.A.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
Brown algae constitute an important source of structural polysaccharides with high biotechnological interest, among which alginates stand out due to their key role in the mechanical, rheological, and functional properties of the cell wall. The role of alginate as a structural component in model systems of brown algal cell walls was investigated by evaluating the impact of processing on their physicochemical and functional properties. Bacterial cellulose hydrogels were used as a simplified cell wall model, combined with two types of alginate (A and B) differing in their beta-D-mannuronic acid (M) and alfa-L-guluronic acid (G) content, which determine gelation capacity and rigidity. The effects of thermal treatment at 90 C, ultrasound and freeze-drying and rehydration processes on the viscoelasticity, mechanical strength, and water-holding capacity of the hydrogels were studied. Mechanical and rheological properties were characterized using compression and oscillatory tests to assess the contribution of alginate to the rigidity and structural stability of the cellulose matrix. In addition, an in vitro digestion protocol (INFOGEST) was applied to analyze the stability of the systems under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Furthermore, the rheological properties of dispersions of the brown alga Saccharina latissima, rich in alginates, were analyzed to evaluate the increase in viscosity as a function of concentration. The results indicate that alginate modifies the mechanical and rheological behavior of the hydrogels depending on the type of alginate and the processing applied. The results also showed that the rheological behavior of Saccharina latissima dispersions is similar to that of vegetable dispersions. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the role of alginate in brown algae and offer valuable insights for optimizing biomaterial processing and developing sustainable functional ingredients with enhanced rheological properties.
Brown algae constitute an important source of structural polysaccharides with high biotechnological interest, among which alginates stand out due to their key role in the mechanical, rheological, and functional properties of the cell wall. The role of alginate as a structural component in model systems of brown algal cell walls was investigated by evaluating the impact of processing on their physicochemical and functional properties. Bacterial cellulose hydrogels were used as a simplified cell wall model, combined with two types of alginate (A and B) differing in their beta-D-mannuronic acid (M) and alfa-L-guluronic acid (G) content, which determine gelation capacity and rigidity. The effects of thermal treatment at 90 C, ultrasound and freeze-drying and rehydration processes on the viscoelasticity, mechanical strength, and water-holding capacity of the hydrogels were studied. Mechanical and rheological properties were characterized using compression and oscillatory tests to assess the contribution of alginate to the rigidity and structural stability of the cellulose matrix. In addition, an in vitro digestion protocol (INFOGEST) was applied to analyze the stability of the systems under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Furthermore, the rheological properties of dispersions of the brown alga Saccharina latissima, rich in alginates, were analyzed to evaluate the increase in viscosity as a function of concentration. The results indicate that alginate modifies the mechanical and rheological behavior of the hydrogels depending on the type of alginate and the processing applied. The results also showed that the rheological behavior of Saccharina latissima dispersions is similar to that of vegetable dispersions. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the role of alginate in brown algae and offer valuable insights for optimizing biomaterial processing and developing sustainable functional ingredients with enhanced rheological properties.
Direction
CABALEIRO LAGO, ENRIQUE MANUEL (Tutorships)
LOPEZ SANCHEZ, PATRICIA (Co-tutorships)
CABALEIRO LAGO, ENRIQUE MANUEL (Tutorships)
LOPEZ SANCHEZ, PATRICIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Capture of microplastics in water through microbial exopolymeric substances
Authorship
O.F.B.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
O.F.B.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging global concern due to their accumulation and persistent damage in aquatic ecosystems. Bacteria and microalgae with biodegradation potential have been isolated form biofilms that typically colonize these MPs, known as platysphere. However, sustainable methods for capturing and removing these MPs from waters are lacking. In this study, bacterial strains capable of aggregating suspended MPs were isolated and identified from plastic samples collected from river waters, serving as a precedent for the development of biotechnological tools for MP capture. These strains were tested under different conditions to observe how different parameters such as incubation time, agitation, nutrient availability, bacterial cell concentration and the presence of other aggregating bacteria, affect MP capture. Among the isolates from this screening, Bacillus sp. K8 showed the best MPs aggregation capacity after 48h of incubation with shaking, achieving up to 98% removal of polystyrene microspheres, comparable to the representative strain from a previous screening made by the team, Pseudomonas parakoreensis A16. Finally, with the aim of studying the effect of aggregation on the biodegradation of plastics, a proof of concept was carried out by transforming P.parakoreensis A16 with the FAST-PETase gene for PET degradation.
Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging global concern due to their accumulation and persistent damage in aquatic ecosystems. Bacteria and microalgae with biodegradation potential have been isolated form biofilms that typically colonize these MPs, known as platysphere. However, sustainable methods for capturing and removing these MPs from waters are lacking. In this study, bacterial strains capable of aggregating suspended MPs were isolated and identified from plastic samples collected from river waters, serving as a precedent for the development of biotechnological tools for MP capture. These strains were tested under different conditions to observe how different parameters such as incubation time, agitation, nutrient availability, bacterial cell concentration and the presence of other aggregating bacteria, affect MP capture. Among the isolates from this screening, Bacillus sp. K8 showed the best MPs aggregation capacity after 48h of incubation with shaking, achieving up to 98% removal of polystyrene microspheres, comparable to the representative strain from a previous screening made by the team, Pseudomonas parakoreensis A16. Finally, with the aim of studying the effect of aggregation on the biodegradation of plastics, a proof of concept was carried out by transforming P.parakoreensis A16 with the FAST-PETase gene for PET degradation.
Direction
ROMERO BERNARDEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO CASAL, ANA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
ROMERO BERNARDEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO CASAL, ANA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Molecular and Cellular Analysis in Atopic Dermatitis: Identification of Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets with focus on Inflammation and Fibrosis
Authorship
E.C.G.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
E.C.G.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin with varying degrees of severity This study addresses the phenotypes of classical dermatitis and nodular prurigo in an atopic context Patients with atopic dermatitis exhibit immunological and epidermal barrier alterations, leading to persistent inflammation and a high risk of pathogen and allergen entry In addition fibrosis is common and hinders the functional regeneration of the tissue Despite these characteristics the exact differences between atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo remain unclear The aim of this work is to identify potential biomarkers specific to classical atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo by characterizing the molecular and cellular differences involved in the chronic inflammation of these phenotypes The methodology applied consisted of flow cytometry analysis of venous blood samples from healthy individuals and patients with classical atopic dermatitis or nodular prurigo as well as a preliminary proteomic analysis of biopsies from healthy and lesional skin from individuals with atopic dermatitis Flow cytometry data revealed higher levels of total eosinophils and a higher proportion of inflammatory eosinophils in atopic phenotypes compared with healthy controls Moreover the eosinophilic profile in these patients was characterized by elevated activation of the IL3Ra marker and reduced IL5Ra marker expression The proteomic analysis showed a significant reduction in proteins associated with keratinocyte differentiation KRT2 KRT10 and with anti inflammatory functions SLRP family in lesional skin compared with healthy skin Based on the results obtained in this pilot study there is clear evidence of the need to further investigate the pro inflammatory mechanisms through a larger study cohort that would allow the identification of clear differences between classical atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin with varying degrees of severity This study addresses the phenotypes of classical dermatitis and nodular prurigo in an atopic context Patients with atopic dermatitis exhibit immunological and epidermal barrier alterations, leading to persistent inflammation and a high risk of pathogen and allergen entry In addition fibrosis is common and hinders the functional regeneration of the tissue Despite these characteristics the exact differences between atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo remain unclear The aim of this work is to identify potential biomarkers specific to classical atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo by characterizing the molecular and cellular differences involved in the chronic inflammation of these phenotypes The methodology applied consisted of flow cytometry analysis of venous blood samples from healthy individuals and patients with classical atopic dermatitis or nodular prurigo as well as a preliminary proteomic analysis of biopsies from healthy and lesional skin from individuals with atopic dermatitis Flow cytometry data revealed higher levels of total eosinophils and a higher proportion of inflammatory eosinophils in atopic phenotypes compared with healthy controls Moreover the eosinophilic profile in these patients was characterized by elevated activation of the IL3Ra marker and reduced IL5Ra marker expression The proteomic analysis showed a significant reduction in proteins associated with keratinocyte differentiation KRT2 KRT10 and with anti inflammatory functions SLRP family in lesional skin compared with healthy skin Based on the results obtained in this pilot study there is clear evidence of the need to further investigate the pro inflammatory mechanisms through a larger study cohort that would allow the identification of clear differences between classical atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo
Direction
NIETO FONTARIGO, JUAN JOSE (Tutorships)
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Co-tutorships)
NIETO FONTARIGO, JUAN JOSE (Tutorships)
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Success in Bird Reintroductions on the European Continent: An Analysis of Definition, Relevant Factors, and Case Studies
Authorship
Á.C.M.
Master's Degree in Terrestrial Biodiversity: Characterization, Conservation and Management
Á.C.M.
Master's Degree in Terrestrial Biodiversity: Characterization, Conservation and Management
Defense date
02.26.2026 16:30
02.26.2026 16:30
Summary
In recent decades, reintroduction projects have become a widely used tool in conservation biology. However, there is no broad consensus on what defines the success of a reintroduction. The aim of this study was to establish a definition of success and analyse qualitative and quantitative factors that could be important in determining it. To this end, a literature review was conducted of different bird reintroduction projects on the European continent, using the guidelines developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2013 as a reference framework. A total of 12 reintroduction projects were analysed in detail. To this end, all possible parameters related to each project, both qualitative and quantitative, were compiled. This allowed us to classify them into four categories of success based on two key parameters: overcoming the establishment phase and the presence or absence of active management. The results showed that 25% of the projects fell into the “total success” category, 33% into “dependent success”, another 33% into “on track” and 8% into “total failure”. Of the quantitative parameters analysed, none were statistically significant. On the other hand, the qualitative analysis revealed various characteristics that 5 highlighted the heterogeneity of each project and its influence on success. It is concluded, with the established definition, that any reintroduction project requires highly specific planning and management, as well as a great capacity for adaptability in decision-making during its development in order to achieve success. It is suggested, for future research, to establish quantitative turning points in terms of the number of breeding specimens and time elapsed, which would allow for a more simplified and measurable classification.
In recent decades, reintroduction projects have become a widely used tool in conservation biology. However, there is no broad consensus on what defines the success of a reintroduction. The aim of this study was to establish a definition of success and analyse qualitative and quantitative factors that could be important in determining it. To this end, a literature review was conducted of different bird reintroduction projects on the European continent, using the guidelines developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2013 as a reference framework. A total of 12 reintroduction projects were analysed in detail. To this end, all possible parameters related to each project, both qualitative and quantitative, were compiled. This allowed us to classify them into four categories of success based on two key parameters: overcoming the establishment phase and the presence or absence of active management. The results showed that 25% of the projects fell into the “total success” category, 33% into “dependent success”, another 33% into “on track” and 8% into “total failure”. Of the quantitative parameters analysed, none were statistically significant. On the other hand, the qualitative analysis revealed various characteristics that 5 highlighted the heterogeneity of each project and its influence on success. It is concluded, with the established definition, that any reintroduction project requires highly specific planning and management, as well as a great capacity for adaptability in decision-making during its development in order to achieve success. It is suggested, for future research, to establish quantitative turning points in terms of the number of breeding specimens and time elapsed, which would allow for a more simplified and measurable classification.
Direction
Cordero Rivera, Adolfo (Tutorships)
Cordero Rivera, Adolfo (Tutorships)
Court
GONZALEZ GONZALEZ, MARCOS ANDRES (Chairman)
TABOADA RODRIGUEZ, TERESA MARIA (Secretary)
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Member)
GONZALEZ GONZALEZ, MARCOS ANDRES (Chairman)
TABOADA RODRIGUEZ, TERESA MARIA (Secretary)
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Member)
Evaluation of peroxymonosulfate as an antiparasitic disinfectant against Philasterides dicentrarchi in turbot aquaculture
Authorship
M.D.D.
Master's Degree in Aquaculture (3rd edition)
M.D.D.
Master's Degree in Aquaculture (3rd edition)
Defense date
02.06.2026 09:00
02.06.2026 09:00
Summary
Scuticociliatosis caused by the ciliate Philasterides dicentrarchi represents a major health constraint in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) aquaculture, particularly due to the limited efficacy of treatments once the parasite invades host tissues. Consequently, preventive strategies based on water disinfection and biosecurity are essential for disease control. In this study, we evaluated the antiparasitic potential of peroxymonosulfate (PMS), a non chlorinated oxidant, against P. dicentrarchi under controlled in vitro conditions relevant to marine aquaculture. Trophozoites adapted to seawater were exposed to increasing PMS concentrations, and mortality was assessed by optical microscopy and propidium iodide exclusion assays. PMS induced a strong dose and time dependent scuticocidal effect, achieving complete parasite inactivation at concentrations higher than 1.25 mM within 60 min. Dose response modelling yielded a median lethal dose (DL50) of 0.85 mM after 1 h of exposure. Although the presence of organic matter reduced PMS efficacy at low concentrations, complete parasite elimination was still achieved at moderate doses. Cytotoxicity assays using EPC fish epithelial cells revealed a favourable safety margin, with a median cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of 3.16 mM. Comparative assays showed that PMS displayed efficacy comparable to hydrogen peroxide and bronopol, while offering advantages related to its non-chlorinated nature and robustness under organic load. Overall, these results indicate that PMS is an effective and versatile disinfectant candidate for the control of P. dicentrarchi and support its potential application in aquaculture water treatment and biosecurity protocols.
Scuticociliatosis caused by the ciliate Philasterides dicentrarchi represents a major health constraint in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) aquaculture, particularly due to the limited efficacy of treatments once the parasite invades host tissues. Consequently, preventive strategies based on water disinfection and biosecurity are essential for disease control. In this study, we evaluated the antiparasitic potential of peroxymonosulfate (PMS), a non chlorinated oxidant, against P. dicentrarchi under controlled in vitro conditions relevant to marine aquaculture. Trophozoites adapted to seawater were exposed to increasing PMS concentrations, and mortality was assessed by optical microscopy and propidium iodide exclusion assays. PMS induced a strong dose and time dependent scuticocidal effect, achieving complete parasite inactivation at concentrations higher than 1.25 mM within 60 min. Dose response modelling yielded a median lethal dose (DL50) of 0.85 mM after 1 h of exposure. Although the presence of organic matter reduced PMS efficacy at low concentrations, complete parasite elimination was still achieved at moderate doses. Cytotoxicity assays using EPC fish epithelial cells revealed a favourable safety margin, with a median cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of 3.16 mM. Comparative assays showed that PMS displayed efficacy comparable to hydrogen peroxide and bronopol, while offering advantages related to its non-chlorinated nature and robustness under organic load. Overall, these results indicate that PMS is an effective and versatile disinfectant candidate for the control of P. dicentrarchi and support its potential application in aquaculture water treatment and biosecurity protocols.
Direction
LEIRO VIDAL, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
LEIRO VIDAL, JOSE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
MAGARIÑOS FERRO, BEATRIZ (Secretary)
BANDIN MATOS, MARIA ISABEL (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
MAGARIÑOS FERRO, BEATRIZ (Secretary)
BANDIN MATOS, MARIA ISABEL (Member)
Optimization of a CAR construct and lentivirus production
Authorship
M.F.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
M.F.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies have been established as one of the most effective strategies in oncology, especially in hematological malignancies. However, their application in solid tumors and their development in academic settings continue to present significant challenges, both biological and technical, notably the complexity of the manufacturing process. In this context, the optimization of lentiviral production and the functional validation of the CAR-T cells generated are key steps in improving the reproducibility and feasibility of these therapies. This Master’s Thesis addressed the optimization of the production of lentiviral vectors encoding an anti-claudin 18.2 CAR developed in an academic context, as well as the in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of these CAR-T cells. For lentiviral production, different experimental designs were compared, varying the transfection reagent (PEI and TransIT-LT1), the proportions of plasmid DNA and the amount of reagent used. The efficiency of each condition was evaluated by transducing JURKAT cells and analyzing CAR expression by flow cytometry. The results identified the use of 7.5 microliters of TransIT-LT1 reagent together with the plasmid DNA proportions corresponding to experimental design B as the optimal condition. Finally, the functionality of anti-claudin 18.2 CAR-T cells was evaluated using the HiBiT Target Cell Killing Bioassay, confirming specific cytotoxic activity against claudin 18.2-positive target cells.
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies have been established as one of the most effective strategies in oncology, especially in hematological malignancies. However, their application in solid tumors and their development in academic settings continue to present significant challenges, both biological and technical, notably the complexity of the manufacturing process. In this context, the optimization of lentiviral production and the functional validation of the CAR-T cells generated are key steps in improving the reproducibility and feasibility of these therapies. This Master’s Thesis addressed the optimization of the production of lentiviral vectors encoding an anti-claudin 18.2 CAR developed in an academic context, as well as the in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of these CAR-T cells. For lentiviral production, different experimental designs were compared, varying the transfection reagent (PEI and TransIT-LT1), the proportions of plasmid DNA and the amount of reagent used. The efficiency of each condition was evaluated by transducing JURKAT cells and analyzing CAR expression by flow cytometry. The results identified the use of 7.5 microliters of TransIT-LT1 reagent together with the plasmid DNA proportions corresponding to experimental design B as the optimal condition. Finally, the functionality of anti-claudin 18.2 CAR-T cells was evaluated using the HiBiT Target Cell Killing Bioassay, confirming specific cytotoxic activity against claudin 18.2-positive target cells.
Direction
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
Boquete Vilariño, Lorena (Co-tutorships)
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
Boquete Vilariño, Lorena (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Computational study of the interaction and recognition between histone epigenetic marks and the YEATS domain
Authorship
N.F.E.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
N.F.E.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
YEATS domains are involved in the recognition of post-translational modifications of lysine residues in histones and play a key role in the regulation of gene expression. In this work, computational simulations were used to study the interaction between histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) modified by acetylation, crotonylation, butyrylation, and benzoylation with the YEATS domain of the human protein AF9, including a comparative analysis with its yeast homolog Taf14 in the case of crotonylation. Molecular dynamics simulations of 100 ns were performed to evaluate structural stability, conformational dynamics, and non-covalent interactions. The complexes exhibited high stability with moderate fluctuations. Geometric analysis confirmed the key role of the aromatic residues F28, F59, and Y78 in the binding pocket, which enable a crucial pi interaction for stacking with the modified lysine in a sandwich-like conformation. In addition, residue Y78 forms a hydrogen bond with the modified lysine, making a decisive contribution to complex stabilization. Different acylations generate specific interaction patterns depending on the hydrophobicity, volume, and charge of the resulting side chain. Greater stabilization was observed for crotonylated and benzoylated complexes, associated with the higher rigidity and volume of these modifications. In the crotonylated AF9 complex, the Y78W mutation significantly increases the attractive interaction, reproducing the behavior of the Taf14 homolog, whose more open pocket favors stronger interactions. Overall, this study provides a detailed description of the structural and energetic mechanisms involved in the highly selective recognition of diverse epigenetic marks by the YEATS domain.
YEATS domains are involved in the recognition of post-translational modifications of lysine residues in histones and play a key role in the regulation of gene expression. In this work, computational simulations were used to study the interaction between histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) modified by acetylation, crotonylation, butyrylation, and benzoylation with the YEATS domain of the human protein AF9, including a comparative analysis with its yeast homolog Taf14 in the case of crotonylation. Molecular dynamics simulations of 100 ns were performed to evaluate structural stability, conformational dynamics, and non-covalent interactions. The complexes exhibited high stability with moderate fluctuations. Geometric analysis confirmed the key role of the aromatic residues F28, F59, and Y78 in the binding pocket, which enable a crucial pi interaction for stacking with the modified lysine in a sandwich-like conformation. In addition, residue Y78 forms a hydrogen bond with the modified lysine, making a decisive contribution to complex stabilization. Different acylations generate specific interaction patterns depending on the hydrophobicity, volume, and charge of the resulting side chain. Greater stabilization was observed for crotonylated and benzoylated complexes, associated with the higher rigidity and volume of these modifications. In the crotonylated AF9 complex, the Y78W mutation significantly increases the attractive interaction, reproducing the behavior of the Taf14 homolog, whose more open pocket favors stronger interactions. Overall, this study provides a detailed description of the structural and energetic mechanisms involved in the highly selective recognition of diverse epigenetic marks by the YEATS domain.
Direction
CABALEIRO LAGO, ENRIQUE MANUEL (Tutorships)
CABALEIRO LAGO, ENRIQUE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Use of diatom algae as bioindicators of heavy metal stress. Exploratory analysis of the capabilities of Raman spectroscopy.
Authorship
A.G.O.
Master's Degree in Terrestrial Biodiversity: Characterization, Conservation and Management
A.G.O.
Master's Degree in Terrestrial Biodiversity: Characterization, Conservation and Management
Defense date
02.26.2026 16:30
02.26.2026 16:30
Summary
This study evaluates Raman spectroscopy as an environmental diagnostic tool compared to traditional taxonomic methods for diatoms, using the lead pollution gradient from the Pontesa porcelain factory (Pontevedra) as a model. A dual approach was used: ecological-taxonomic analysis and spectroscopic characterisation. The biological results confirm that the Simpson index is more sensitive to Pb stress than the Shannon index. The analysis of teratologies suggests an exclusion effect due to acute mortality in areas where pollution is higher and more accessible, preventing the survival of malformed individuals. Methodologically, organic fluorescence and glass substrate interference posed challenges. Chemical pretreatment yielded interpretable spectra, although it also eliminated metabolic information (lipids and pigments). Despite a small sample size (n = 37), the first principal component (PC1) explained 79.9 % of the variance, correlating significantly with Pb concentration and diversity. The PC1 demonstrates the integration of signals from the contaminant and the community response. It is concluded that, by optimising preparation protocols, the Raman technique is a promising tool for early warning and rapid diagnosis of ecological impact, complementary to traditional monitoring.
This study evaluates Raman spectroscopy as an environmental diagnostic tool compared to traditional taxonomic methods for diatoms, using the lead pollution gradient from the Pontesa porcelain factory (Pontevedra) as a model. A dual approach was used: ecological-taxonomic analysis and spectroscopic characterisation. The biological results confirm that the Simpson index is more sensitive to Pb stress than the Shannon index. The analysis of teratologies suggests an exclusion effect due to acute mortality in areas where pollution is higher and more accessible, preventing the survival of malformed individuals. Methodologically, organic fluorescence and glass substrate interference posed challenges. Chemical pretreatment yielded interpretable spectra, although it also eliminated metabolic information (lipids and pigments). Despite a small sample size (n = 37), the first principal component (PC1) explained 79.9 % of the variance, correlating significantly with Pb concentration and diversity. The PC1 demonstrates the integration of signals from the contaminant and the community response. It is concluded that, by optimising preparation protocols, the Raman technique is a promising tool for early warning and rapid diagnosis of ecological impact, complementary to traditional monitoring.
Direction
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Tutorships)
LAZZARI , MASSIMO (Co-tutorships)
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Tutorships)
LAZZARI , MASSIMO (Co-tutorships)
Court
GONZALEZ GONZALEZ, MARCOS ANDRES (Chairman)
TABOADA RODRIGUEZ, TERESA MARIA (Secretary)
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Member)
GONZALEZ GONZALEZ, MARCOS ANDRES (Chairman)
TABOADA RODRIGUEZ, TERESA MARIA (Secretary)
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Member)
Role of mitofusins in the process of myelination
Authorship
M.L.G.
Master's Degree in Neuroscience (2ª ed)
M.L.G.
Master's Degree in Neuroscience (2ª ed)
Defense date
02.20.2026 12:00
02.20.2026 12:00
Summary
Myelination is an indispensable process for the proper transmission of nerve impulses and the functioning of the vertebrate organism. Defects in the myelin sheaths can lead to highly debilitating neurological disorders, such as Charcot Marie Tooth disease. These myelin sheaths are produced by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, in a process that is highly demanding at the metabolic level. In other cell types, mitochondrial remodeling has been observed during differentiation to meet the required metabolic needs. This remodeling is mediated, among others, by MFN1/MFN2, which are responsible for controlling the fusion of the outer mitochondrial membrane. Previous studies have shown that the myelination process collapses in mice that lack copies of the Mfn1 and Mfn2 genes in Schwann cells. However, mice that retain only both copies of Mfn1 or only both copies of Mfn2 are viable and do not display neurological disorders. At present, there are no studies in mice that carry only a single allele of Mfn1 or of Mfn2. In this study, we found that these mutants are able to initiate the myelination process and are indistinguishable from WT animals until late ages, when they begin a demyelination process, thereby expanding our knowledge of the importance of MFN1/MFN2 in Schwann cell function.
Myelination is an indispensable process for the proper transmission of nerve impulses and the functioning of the vertebrate organism. Defects in the myelin sheaths can lead to highly debilitating neurological disorders, such as Charcot Marie Tooth disease. These myelin sheaths are produced by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, in a process that is highly demanding at the metabolic level. In other cell types, mitochondrial remodeling has been observed during differentiation to meet the required metabolic needs. This remodeling is mediated, among others, by MFN1/MFN2, which are responsible for controlling the fusion of the outer mitochondrial membrane. Previous studies have shown that the myelination process collapses in mice that lack copies of the Mfn1 and Mfn2 genes in Schwann cells. However, mice that retain only both copies of Mfn1 or only both copies of Mfn2 are viable and do not display neurological disorders. At present, there are no studies in mice that carry only a single allele of Mfn1 or of Mfn2. In this study, we found that these mutants are able to initiate the myelination process and are indistinguishable from WT animals until late ages, when they begin a demyelination process, thereby expanding our knowledge of the importance of MFN1/MFN2 in Schwann cell function.
Direction
Woodhoo , Ashwin (Tutorships)
VARELA REY, MARTA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
Woodhoo , Ashwin (Tutorships)
VARELA REY, MARTA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
CANDAL SUAREZ, EVA MARIA (Chairman)
ROMAUS SANJURJO, DANIEL (Secretary)
BARREIRO IGLESIAS, ANTON (Member)
CANDAL SUAREZ, EVA MARIA (Chairman)
ROMAUS SANJURJO, DANIEL (Secretary)
BARREIRO IGLESIAS, ANTON (Member)
ADHD and Gender: An exploration of social camouflage in adults
Authorship
A.S.L.P.
Master's Degree in Neuroscience (2ª ed)
A.S.L.P.
Master's Degree in Neuroscience (2ª ed)
Defense date
02.20.2026 12:00
02.20.2026 12:00
Summary
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the presence of a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. These traits usually begin in childhood and persist throughout adulthood, affecting personal, social, academic and/or occupational functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2022). Its current prevalence is estimated at around 7.2% of the population, in a ratio of 2:1 of men compared to women (APA, 2013). However, it is currently considered that there is underdiagnosis in women compared to men, which is based on: 1) Gender differences in the presentation of symptomatology; 2) Gender biases on the part of clinical professionals when assigning a diagnosis; and 3) sociocultural biases that shape expectations about behavior. In addition to the difficulties in accessing an accurate and early diagnosis in the female gender, diagnosis in adulthood is also complex. This is due, on the one hand, to the fact that hyperactivity typically associated with ADHD disorder is less frequent in adulthood than in childhood. On the other hand, camouflaging, a phenomenon widely studied in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which consists of a set of behaviors and strategies used by people with a diagnosis to hide, mask or compensate for their symptoms in social situations (Hull et al., 2017) is considered relevant to analyze the experience of adults with ADHD. Camouflaging would lead to later diagnoses and may cause cognitive and emotional exhaustion, in addition to difficulties in self-image. The present work aims to explore social camouflaging in people with a diagnosis of ADHD compared to the general population, as well as its comparison between female and male gender. It will also explore its relationship with different aspects, such as compensation strategies, ADHD traits, age of diagnosis and the impact on social anxiety. For this purpose, data from semi-structured and/or semi-quantitative structured questionnaires will be collected and analyzed, being such: Semi-structured interview that explores compensatory mechanisms, developed by Julia de Castro Couce (2023); Spanish Adaptation of the Social Camouflaging Scale of ADHD Symptoms (E-CaSTDAH), developed by Wicherkiewicz and Gambin (2024); Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale (ADHD-RS), Spanish version. (Richarte et al., 2017); and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) (Bobes et al., 1999; Liebowitz, 1987).
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the presence of a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity. These traits usually begin in childhood and persist throughout adulthood, affecting personal, social, academic and/or occupational functioning (American Psychiatric Association, 2022). Its current prevalence is estimated at around 7.2% of the population, in a ratio of 2:1 of men compared to women (APA, 2013). However, it is currently considered that there is underdiagnosis in women compared to men, which is based on: 1) Gender differences in the presentation of symptomatology; 2) Gender biases on the part of clinical professionals when assigning a diagnosis; and 3) sociocultural biases that shape expectations about behavior. In addition to the difficulties in accessing an accurate and early diagnosis in the female gender, diagnosis in adulthood is also complex. This is due, on the one hand, to the fact that hyperactivity typically associated with ADHD disorder is less frequent in adulthood than in childhood. On the other hand, camouflaging, a phenomenon widely studied in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which consists of a set of behaviors and strategies used by people with a diagnosis to hide, mask or compensate for their symptoms in social situations (Hull et al., 2017) is considered relevant to analyze the experience of adults with ADHD. Camouflaging would lead to later diagnoses and may cause cognitive and emotional exhaustion, in addition to difficulties in self-image. The present work aims to explore social camouflaging in people with a diagnosis of ADHD compared to the general population, as well as its comparison between female and male gender. It will also explore its relationship with different aspects, such as compensation strategies, ADHD traits, age of diagnosis and the impact on social anxiety. For this purpose, data from semi-structured and/or semi-quantitative structured questionnaires will be collected and analyzed, being such: Semi-structured interview that explores compensatory mechanisms, developed by Julia de Castro Couce (2023); Spanish Adaptation of the Social Camouflaging Scale of ADHD Symptoms (E-CaSTDAH), developed by Wicherkiewicz and Gambin (2024); Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale (ADHD-RS), Spanish version. (Richarte et al., 2017); and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) (Bobes et al., 1999; Liebowitz, 1987).
Direction
ARROJO ROMERO, MANUEL (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ PRIETO, MONSERRAT (Co-tutorships)
ARROJO ROMERO, MANUEL (Tutorships)
FERNANDEZ PRIETO, MONSERRAT (Co-tutorships)
Court
CANDAL SUAREZ, EVA MARIA (Chairman)
ROMAUS SANJURJO, DANIEL (Secretary)
BARREIRO IGLESIAS, ANTON (Member)
CANDAL SUAREZ, EVA MARIA (Chairman)
ROMAUS SANJURJO, DANIEL (Secretary)
BARREIRO IGLESIAS, ANTON (Member)
Extraction and characterization of laminarin from Saccharina latissima as a biopolymer for applications in the food industry
Authorship
M.L.A.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
M.L.A.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
The large amount of non-biodegradable waste generated by conventional packaging has driven the search for renewable alternatives that enable progress toward more sustainable systems. Among emerging options, algae-derived biopolymers stand out due to their availability, safety profile, and the diversity of functional polysaccharides. In this work, the production of a laminarin-rich fraction from the brown macroalga Saccharina latissima was proposed with the dual objective of (i) establishing a reproducible extraction and membrane-based purification protocol and (ii) assessing its functional potential for applications in materials intended to contact food. The strategy combined mild acid hydrolysis (0.075 M HCl; 70 C) assisted by ultrasound, clarification, and sequential ultrafiltration (300 - 30 - 10 - 5 kDa), considering the final 5 kDa retentate (U5R) as the concentrate of interest (5 - 10 kDa) and obtaining a final lyophilizate. The protocol was evaluated under two solid-to-liquid ratios (1:14 and 1:12). Recovery after clarification was around 83-86%, and the overall yield of the U5R lyophilizate ranged from 1.40 to 1.93% (w/w), depending on the condition. Compositional characterization of U5R indicated a relevant presence of beta glucans between 14.89 and 22.24% (w/w, dry basis). The fraction showed moderate to high antioxidant activity, with DPPH inhibitions between 62.08 and 80.67% and ABTS inhibitions between 63.01 and 94.38%, depending on the condition. UV-Vis profiles (200-400 nm), CIELAB colorimetry, and ATR-FTIR were consistent with a predominantly polysaccharide matrix that retains co-extracts with optical contribution. As a proof of concept, U5R (1:12 condition) was incorporated into PVA films, showing reduced UV transmittance of the material and changes in film properties (moisture and puncture resistance).
The large amount of non-biodegradable waste generated by conventional packaging has driven the search for renewable alternatives that enable progress toward more sustainable systems. Among emerging options, algae-derived biopolymers stand out due to their availability, safety profile, and the diversity of functional polysaccharides. In this work, the production of a laminarin-rich fraction from the brown macroalga Saccharina latissima was proposed with the dual objective of (i) establishing a reproducible extraction and membrane-based purification protocol and (ii) assessing its functional potential for applications in materials intended to contact food. The strategy combined mild acid hydrolysis (0.075 M HCl; 70 C) assisted by ultrasound, clarification, and sequential ultrafiltration (300 - 30 - 10 - 5 kDa), considering the final 5 kDa retentate (U5R) as the concentrate of interest (5 - 10 kDa) and obtaining a final lyophilizate. The protocol was evaluated under two solid-to-liquid ratios (1:14 and 1:12). Recovery after clarification was around 83-86%, and the overall yield of the U5R lyophilizate ranged from 1.40 to 1.93% (w/w), depending on the condition. Compositional characterization of U5R indicated a relevant presence of beta glucans between 14.89 and 22.24% (w/w, dry basis). The fraction showed moderate to high antioxidant activity, with DPPH inhibitions between 62.08 and 80.67% and ABTS inhibitions between 63.01 and 94.38%, depending on the condition. UV-Vis profiles (200-400 nm), CIELAB colorimetry, and ATR-FTIR were consistent with a predominantly polysaccharide matrix that retains co-extracts with optical contribution. As a proof of concept, U5R (1:12 condition) was incorporated into PVA films, showing reduced UV transmittance of the material and changes in film properties (moisture and puncture resistance).
Direction
CAZON DIAZ, PATRICIA (Tutorships)
LOPEZ SANCHEZ, PATRICIA (Co-tutorships)
CAZON DIAZ, PATRICIA (Tutorships)
LOPEZ SANCHEZ, PATRICIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Development, characterization and preclinical evaluation of nanoparticles for advanced therapies.
Authorship
S.L.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
S.L.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Adoptive cell therapies and gene editing systems such CRISPR/Cas9 are a innovative tool for creating effective treatments for cancer and rare disease. However, they present several limitations, which will highlight the use of viral vectors that can cause insertional mutagenesis, off-target effects, risk of immunogenicity and complex manufacturing processes. For this reason, nanotechnology represents a powerful solution to all these limitations, allowing the generation of nanosystems that specifically target a cell type, thus reducing side effects. In this study, we aimed to develop lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for use in gene edition of T lymphocytes and macrophages. We began by encapsulating FLuc mRNA, eGFP mRNA, sgPLK1 mRNA with Cas9 mRNA and CAR-GFP pDNA, and with the physicochemical characterization of the resulting LNPs. Optimizations of the direct encapsulation efficiency (EE%) method were carried out, transfection experiments were performed on immortalized cell lines, Jurkat and THP-1, and on primary human CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes. The results obtained show that it is possible to obtain LNPs (DIVTECH) with properties suitable for the association of different types of nucleic acids. Assays to directly quantify EE% indicate that further optimization of the methodology is necessary, therefore, indirect quantification was employed. Furthermore, it was confirmed that DIVTECH LNPs successfully transfect Jurkat cells and primary CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes, while showing lower values in THP-1 cells differentiated into M2 macrophages. This indicates that DIVTECH LNPs has great potential for delivering different molecules to immune system cells, although adjustments to its composition are necessary to improve transfection efficacy for each cell type. This will enable us to develop the design of advanced novel therapy.
Adoptive cell therapies and gene editing systems such CRISPR/Cas9 are a innovative tool for creating effective treatments for cancer and rare disease. However, they present several limitations, which will highlight the use of viral vectors that can cause insertional mutagenesis, off-target effects, risk of immunogenicity and complex manufacturing processes. For this reason, nanotechnology represents a powerful solution to all these limitations, allowing the generation of nanosystems that specifically target a cell type, thus reducing side effects. In this study, we aimed to develop lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for use in gene edition of T lymphocytes and macrophages. We began by encapsulating FLuc mRNA, eGFP mRNA, sgPLK1 mRNA with Cas9 mRNA and CAR-GFP pDNA, and with the physicochemical characterization of the resulting LNPs. Optimizations of the direct encapsulation efficiency (EE%) method were carried out, transfection experiments were performed on immortalized cell lines, Jurkat and THP-1, and on primary human CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes. The results obtained show that it is possible to obtain LNPs (DIVTECH) with properties suitable for the association of different types of nucleic acids. Assays to directly quantify EE% indicate that further optimization of the methodology is necessary, therefore, indirect quantification was employed. Furthermore, it was confirmed that DIVTECH LNPs successfully transfect Jurkat cells and primary CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes, while showing lower values in THP-1 cells differentiated into M2 macrophages. This indicates that DIVTECH LNPs has great potential for delivering different molecules to immune system cells, although adjustments to its composition are necessary to improve transfection efficacy for each cell type. This will enable us to develop the design of advanced novel therapy.
Direction
LUZARDO ALVAREZ, ASTERIA MARIA (Tutorships)
De la Fuente Freire, María (Co-tutorships)
LUZARDO ALVAREZ, ASTERIA MARIA (Tutorships)
De la Fuente Freire, María (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Managing the invasion of Tradescantia fluminensis: effects on diversity and structure of arthropod communities on the banks of the Tins River
Authorship
A.L.G.
Master's Degree in Terrestrial Biodiversity: Characterization, Conservation and Management
A.L.G.
Master's Degree in Terrestrial Biodiversity: Characterization, Conservation and Management
Defense date
02.26.2026 16:30
02.26.2026 16:30
Summary
Tradescantia fluminensis tends to grow forming dense mats that reduce plant diversity and modify the microhabitat, whose composition differs clearly between invaded and non-invaded areas. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of T. fluminensis management on arthropod communities in a riparian ecosystem in A Serra de Outes (Outes, A Coruña). To do so, the short term effect of mechanical control methods (vegetation cutting and manual removal of the invader) was compared using two sampling techniques (pitfall traps and an entomological suction device), which allow the evaluation of different functional groups. Pitfall traps showed that manual removal of the invader generates changes in the epigean arthropod community, temporarily improving its conditions. In contrast, suction sampling revealed that the same intervention negatively affects arthropods due to a reduction in vegetation structure, on which they depend. Vegetation cutting acts as a milder disturbance. When comparing invaded and non invaded areas without any intervention, the results indicate that T. fluminensis poses a threat to arthropod diversity. Overall, control techniques may have contrasting effects and benefit certain arthropod groups while harming others. A gradual control strategy is recommended to minimise disturbances to vegetation and associated fauna. This control should be complemented with specific ecological restoration measures, such as the reintroduction of native plant species, in order to recover the lost microhabitat. Additionally, combining sampling methods (pitfall traps and suction sampling) is necessary to accurately detect differentiated responses among arthropod guilds and more reliably assess the effects of managing this invasive plant.
Tradescantia fluminensis tends to grow forming dense mats that reduce plant diversity and modify the microhabitat, whose composition differs clearly between invaded and non-invaded areas. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of T. fluminensis management on arthropod communities in a riparian ecosystem in A Serra de Outes (Outes, A Coruña). To do so, the short term effect of mechanical control methods (vegetation cutting and manual removal of the invader) was compared using two sampling techniques (pitfall traps and an entomological suction device), which allow the evaluation of different functional groups. Pitfall traps showed that manual removal of the invader generates changes in the epigean arthropod community, temporarily improving its conditions. In contrast, suction sampling revealed that the same intervention negatively affects arthropods due to a reduction in vegetation structure, on which they depend. Vegetation cutting acts as a milder disturbance. When comparing invaded and non invaded areas without any intervention, the results indicate that T. fluminensis poses a threat to arthropod diversity. Overall, control techniques may have contrasting effects and benefit certain arthropod groups while harming others. A gradual control strategy is recommended to minimise disturbances to vegetation and associated fauna. This control should be complemented with specific ecological restoration measures, such as the reintroduction of native plant species, in order to recover the lost microhabitat. Additionally, combining sampling methods (pitfall traps and suction sampling) is necessary to accurately detect differentiated responses among arthropod guilds and more reliably assess the effects of managing this invasive plant.
Direction
RETUERTO FRANCO, JOSE CARLOS RUBÉN (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ PARRA, JONATAN (Co-tutorships)
RETUERTO FRANCO, JOSE CARLOS RUBÉN (Tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ PARRA, JONATAN (Co-tutorships)
Court
GONZALEZ GONZALEZ, MARCOS ANDRES (Chairman)
TABOADA RODRIGUEZ, TERESA MARIA (Secretary)
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Member)
GONZALEZ GONZALEZ, MARCOS ANDRES (Chairman)
TABOADA RODRIGUEZ, TERESA MARIA (Secretary)
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Member)
Activity Patterns and Observed Species Richness of Mesocarnivores in Two Forest Habitat Types in the
Authorship
S.L.S.
Master's Degree in Terrestrial Biodiversity: Characterization, Conservation and Management
S.L.S.
Master's Degree in Terrestrial Biodiversity: Characterization, Conservation and Management
Defense date
02.26.2026 16:30
02.26.2026 16:30
Summary
Mesocarnivores constitute a key component in many ecosystems, particularly in contexts where large predator populations have declined. They play an important role in regulating prey populations, shaping trophic network dynamics, and contribute to pest control. Moreover, their activity patterns and space use respond to environmental and anthropogenic factors, making them valuable indicators of ecosystem condition. To evaluate how habitat characteristics influence these patterns, this study examined mesocarnivore activity patterns and observed richness in two ecologically contrasting plots (Galician-Portuguese oak forest and pine forest with raised bogs) located within the ZEC Xubia-Castro (A Coruña, NW Spain), using camera trapping over 87 days (2349 trap-nights). We assessed whether observed mesocarnivore richness was higher in the oak forest and whether the daily activity pattern of Vulpes vulpes differed between habitats. A total of 34,124 images were obtained, of which 548 corresponded to mesocarnivores. Species richness per camera was significantly higher in the oak forest than in the pine forest. In contrast, red foxes exhibited a predominantly nocturnal activity pattern in both plots, with high temporal overlap and no significant differences between habitats. These findings suggest that habitat structure and disturbance levels may influence observed mesocarnivore richness, whereas the temporal activity of a generalist species such as V. vulpes remains relatively stable across ecologically distinct environments. However, the limited sample size for the remaining detected species (Martes martes, Genetta genetta, Meles meles, and Mustela putorius) prevented comparative analyses of their activity patterns between habitats, thereby restricting the generalization of the results to the broader mesocarnivore community. Furthermore, the high presence of livestock in the pine forest, whose effect was not explicitly evaluated, limits the general applicability of these findings and highlights the need to incorporate this factor in future research.
Mesocarnivores constitute a key component in many ecosystems, particularly in contexts where large predator populations have declined. They play an important role in regulating prey populations, shaping trophic network dynamics, and contribute to pest control. Moreover, their activity patterns and space use respond to environmental and anthropogenic factors, making them valuable indicators of ecosystem condition. To evaluate how habitat characteristics influence these patterns, this study examined mesocarnivore activity patterns and observed richness in two ecologically contrasting plots (Galician-Portuguese oak forest and pine forest with raised bogs) located within the ZEC Xubia-Castro (A Coruña, NW Spain), using camera trapping over 87 days (2349 trap-nights). We assessed whether observed mesocarnivore richness was higher in the oak forest and whether the daily activity pattern of Vulpes vulpes differed between habitats. A total of 34,124 images were obtained, of which 548 corresponded to mesocarnivores. Species richness per camera was significantly higher in the oak forest than in the pine forest. In contrast, red foxes exhibited a predominantly nocturnal activity pattern in both plots, with high temporal overlap and no significant differences between habitats. These findings suggest that habitat structure and disturbance levels may influence observed mesocarnivore richness, whereas the temporal activity of a generalist species such as V. vulpes remains relatively stable across ecologically distinct environments. However, the limited sample size for the remaining detected species (Martes martes, Genetta genetta, Meles meles, and Mustela putorius) prevented comparative analyses of their activity patterns between habitats, thereby restricting the generalization of the results to the broader mesocarnivore community. Furthermore, the high presence of livestock in the pine forest, whose effect was not explicitly evaluated, limits the general applicability of these findings and highlights the need to incorporate this factor in future research.
Direction
Cordero Rivera, Adolfo (Tutorships)
Cordero Rivera, Adolfo (Tutorships)
Court
GONZALEZ GONZALEZ, MARCOS ANDRES (Chairman)
TABOADA RODRIGUEZ, TERESA MARIA (Secretary)
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Member)
GONZALEZ GONZALEZ, MARCOS ANDRES (Chairman)
TABOADA RODRIGUEZ, TERESA MARIA (Secretary)
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Member)
Functional footprint of chronic stress according to the nature of the trigger ertation
Authorship
T.M.C.
Master's Degree in Neuroscience (2ª ed)
T.M.C.
Master's Degree in Neuroscience (2ª ed)
Defense date
02.20.2026 12:00
02.20.2026 12:00
Summary
Stress can become chronic and pathological and contribute to the development of chronic anxiety and mood disorders, which can generate negative effects on the brain. Although the stress response pathways, involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and different brain regions such as the amygdala or the prefrontal cortex, are well characterized, the distinctions between stress when it is generated by different stressors are not yet clear. Likewise, stress-associated mood disorders are diagnosed differently in men and women, with increased diagnoses during phases of hormonal transition, suggesting a potential interaction between sex hormones and stress-response circuits. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the circuits underlying chronic stress of different natures, as well as the possible sexual dimorphisms present in them. To this end, 35 mice subjected to three different chronic stress paradigms (forced swimming, movement restraint, and social defeat) or maintained under resting conditions were studied. Their brain activity was analyzed using immunolabeling, tissue clearing, and light-sheet microscopy, together with the ClearMap software, yielding statistical data tables that served as the basis for the analysis of this work. The results show that there are different areas of activation across the different stress paradigms, and that there is greater overall brain activation under stress conditions compared with the resting state. Likewise, a different pattern of brain activation is observed in males and females, largely coinciding with areas susceptible to modulation by sex hormones.
Stress can become chronic and pathological and contribute to the development of chronic anxiety and mood disorders, which can generate negative effects on the brain. Although the stress response pathways, involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and different brain regions such as the amygdala or the prefrontal cortex, are well characterized, the distinctions between stress when it is generated by different stressors are not yet clear. Likewise, stress-associated mood disorders are diagnosed differently in men and women, with increased diagnoses during phases of hormonal transition, suggesting a potential interaction between sex hormones and stress-response circuits. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the circuits underlying chronic stress of different natures, as well as the possible sexual dimorphisms present in them. To this end, 35 mice subjected to three different chronic stress paradigms (forced swimming, movement restraint, and social defeat) or maintained under resting conditions were studied. Their brain activity was analyzed using immunolabeling, tissue clearing, and light-sheet microscopy, together with the ClearMap software, yielding statistical data tables that served as the basis for the analysis of this work. The results show that there are different areas of activation across the different stress paradigms, and that there is greater overall brain activation under stress conditions compared with the resting state. Likewise, a different pattern of brain activation is observed in males and females, largely coinciding with areas susceptible to modulation by sex hormones.
Direction
Rodriguez Diaz, Miguel Angel (Tutorships)
VIEITES PRADO, ALBA (Co-tutorships)
Rodriguez Diaz, Miguel Angel (Tutorships)
VIEITES PRADO, ALBA (Co-tutorships)
Court
CANDAL SUAREZ, EVA MARIA (Chairman)
ROMAUS SANJURJO, DANIEL (Secretary)
BARREIRO IGLESIAS, ANTON (Member)
CANDAL SUAREZ, EVA MARIA (Chairman)
ROMAUS SANJURJO, DANIEL (Secretary)
BARREIRO IGLESIAS, ANTON (Member)
Design of the validation of the aseptic process simulation for the manufacture of a cell therapy based on CMV-specific T lymphocytes
Authorship
E.M.C.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
E.M.C.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Therapy with virus-specific T lymphocytes might be the solution for immunocompromised patients to prevent the development of common viral infections, such as cytomegalovirus, as an alternative to antiviral drugs, which are associated with multiple adverse effects. This type of cellular therapies are currently being tested in numerous clinical trials, such as Inmunocell-CTMV-2019, developed by the Sistema de Terapias Avanzadas de Cantabria, which involves CMV-specific T cells for patients who have undergone hematopoietic progenitor transplantation. For the actual production of the drug, it is necessary to carry out a process known as Media Fill, in which all manufacturing stages are faithfully reproduced, but materials and reagents are replaced by others with similar format and presentation that allow microbial growth. The Media Fill process enables us to evaluate whether the procedures would produce an aseptic final product, suitable for therapeutic in vivo use, or not. The present work proposes a Media Fill’s model design for the Centro de Terapias Avanzadas de Galicia, and presents the results obtained from a real simulation conducted at its facilities. The final aim in the near future is to iniciate therapy production at this center, once the three consecutive validated aseptic simulations required for its manufacture have been successfully completed.
Therapy with virus-specific T lymphocytes might be the solution for immunocompromised patients to prevent the development of common viral infections, such as cytomegalovirus, as an alternative to antiviral drugs, which are associated with multiple adverse effects. This type of cellular therapies are currently being tested in numerous clinical trials, such as Inmunocell-CTMV-2019, developed by the Sistema de Terapias Avanzadas de Cantabria, which involves CMV-specific T cells for patients who have undergone hematopoietic progenitor transplantation. For the actual production of the drug, it is necessary to carry out a process known as Media Fill, in which all manufacturing stages are faithfully reproduced, but materials and reagents are replaced by others with similar format and presentation that allow microbial growth. The Media Fill process enables us to evaluate whether the procedures would produce an aseptic final product, suitable for therapeutic in vivo use, or not. The present work proposes a Media Fill’s model design for the Centro de Terapias Avanzadas de Galicia, and presents the results obtained from a real simulation conducted at its facilities. The final aim in the near future is to iniciate therapy production at this center, once the three consecutive validated aseptic simulations required for its manufacture have been successfully completed.
Direction
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
López Lorenzo, Nuria (Co-tutorships)
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
López Lorenzo, Nuria (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Role of alternative splicing of Myo6 in Schwann cell functions
Authorship
P.O.F.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
P.O.F.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
Myosin VI (MYO6) is an unconventional myosin with an essential role in vesicular trafficking and actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Unlike other myosins, MYO6 moves towards the negative end of the actin filament, giving it specific functions in processes such as endocytosis and secretion. Several studies have shown that alternative splicing in Myo6 generates isoforms with different localisations and functions; however, the role of these events in Schwann cells during myelination remains to be characterised. A previous in silico analysis identified a specific alternative splicing event in Myo6 as a candidate of interest in Schwann cells. This event was experimentally validated in in vitro cultures of these cells and in injured peripheral nerve, as well as in in vitro promyelinating conditions induced by activation of the cAMP pathway. RT-PCR and RT-qPCR techniques were used to analyse the regulation of alternative splicing and total gene expression of Myo6, together with a set of functionally related candidate genes selected in this study. The results showed that Myo6 exhibits detectable alternative splicing and that activation of the cAMP pathway reproducibly regulates the analysed event. In turn, treatment with cAMP significantly affects the expression levels of Myo6 and its related genes Uspl1, Vldlr, and Sun1, while Ptpdc1 showed no relevant changes. Furthermore, the changes observed at the transcriptional level in Myo6 were accompanied by a significant increase in MYO6 protein, as well as the detection of multiple protein forms. Taken together, these results support the idea that alternative splicing of Myo6 constitutes a potentially relevant post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism in the functional plasticity of Schwann cells, especially in contexts associated with myelination.
Myosin VI (MYO6) is an unconventional myosin with an essential role in vesicular trafficking and actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Unlike other myosins, MYO6 moves towards the negative end of the actin filament, giving it specific functions in processes such as endocytosis and secretion. Several studies have shown that alternative splicing in Myo6 generates isoforms with different localisations and functions; however, the role of these events in Schwann cells during myelination remains to be characterised. A previous in silico analysis identified a specific alternative splicing event in Myo6 as a candidate of interest in Schwann cells. This event was experimentally validated in in vitro cultures of these cells and in injured peripheral nerve, as well as in in vitro promyelinating conditions induced by activation of the cAMP pathway. RT-PCR and RT-qPCR techniques were used to analyse the regulation of alternative splicing and total gene expression of Myo6, together with a set of functionally related candidate genes selected in this study. The results showed that Myo6 exhibits detectable alternative splicing and that activation of the cAMP pathway reproducibly regulates the analysed event. In turn, treatment with cAMP significantly affects the expression levels of Myo6 and its related genes Uspl1, Vldlr, and Sun1, while Ptpdc1 showed no relevant changes. Furthermore, the changes observed at the transcriptional level in Myo6 were accompanied by a significant increase in MYO6 protein, as well as the detection of multiple protein forms. Taken together, these results support the idea that alternative splicing of Myo6 constitutes a potentially relevant post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism in the functional plasticity of Schwann cells, especially in contexts associated with myelination.
Direction
ROMERO BERNARDEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Woodhoo , Ashwin (Co-tutorships)
RIOBELLO SUAREZ, CRISTINA (Co-tutorships)
ROMERO BERNARDEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Woodhoo , Ashwin (Co-tutorships)
RIOBELLO SUAREZ, CRISTINA (Co-tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Induced senescence in human hepatocytes and its influence on p107.
Authorship
L.O.V.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
L.O.V.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) is a pathology with a continuously increasing incidence, whose prevalence rises with age. Recent studies have linked cellular senescence to disease progression, as the accumulation of senescent cells has been associated with increased lipid deposition and metabolic dysfunction. However, senescence models in human hepatocytes remain poorly explored. On the other hand, the association between cell cycle regulators and their relationship with lipid metabolism and senescence has recently begun to emerge. Among these regulators, p107, a protein belonging to the RB family that has been shown to play a relevant role in lipid metabolism, has drawn our interest. The main objective of this Master’s Thesis is to develop and optimize a model of doxorubicin-induced senescence in human hepatocytes (HepG2 and THLE-2) and to study the possible involvement of p107 during this process. To this end, different treatment and maturation conditions will be evaluated, together with the characterization of the senescent phenotype and the analysis of the influence of p107 during senescence. The establishment of a reliable cellular model will allow future studies to investigate how hepatic senescence and p107 may contribute to the onset and progression of MASLD.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) is a pathology with a continuously increasing incidence, whose prevalence rises with age. Recent studies have linked cellular senescence to disease progression, as the accumulation of senescent cells has been associated with increased lipid deposition and metabolic dysfunction. However, senescence models in human hepatocytes remain poorly explored. On the other hand, the association between cell cycle regulators and their relationship with lipid metabolism and senescence has recently begun to emerge. Among these regulators, p107, a protein belonging to the RB family that has been shown to play a relevant role in lipid metabolism, has drawn our interest. The main objective of this Master’s Thesis is to develop and optimize a model of doxorubicin-induced senescence in human hepatocytes (HepG2 and THLE-2) and to study the possible involvement of p107 during this process. To this end, different treatment and maturation conditions will be evaluated, together with the characterization of the senescent phenotype and the analysis of the influence of p107 during senescence. The establishment of a reliable cellular model will allow future studies to investigate how hepatic senescence and p107 may contribute to the onset and progression of MASLD.
Direction
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
TOVAR CARRO, SULAY AMPARO (Co-tutorships)
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
TOVAR CARRO, SULAY AMPARO (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Characterization of a woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) population at the southwestern limit of its range using passive acoustic monitoring and ecological niche modeling.
Authorship
I.O.L.
Master's Degree in Terrestrial Biodiversity: Characterization, Conservation and Management
I.O.L.
Master's Degree in Terrestrial Biodiversity: Characterization, Conservation and Management
Defense date
02.26.2026 16:30
02.26.2026 16:30
Summary
The woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) is a species difficult to survey and census, with an Iberian distribution primarily across the mountainous areas of its northern half. In Galicia, the species is very scarce, and its breeding populations are classified as vulnerable in the Galician Catalogue of Threatened Species. Recently, an isolated population was detected in the Terra Chá region. To study this population, a sampling protocol based on passive acoustic monitoring was developed, identifying 20 points of species presence. This expanded the known Galician distribution by 11 UTM 10x10 km grid cells, representing a 157 per cent increase in the documented range. New audio processing techniques using BirdNET allowed for the extraction of the woodcock s reproductive activity pattern and the estimation of 30 67 active males. Using these presence data, the species distribution in Terra Chá was modeled, resulting in a model with high predictive accuracy. Approximately 6,000 hectares of suitable habitat were identified, mainly composed of alluvial forests. The most influential variables were terrain roughness, mean NDWI, and deciduous tree cover. The coverage of protected areas within woodcock habitat was assessed through a GAP analysis, comparing currently protected areas with the proposed expansion of the Natura 2000 Network by the Xunta de Galicia. Currently, only 17.9 per cent of the potential habitat is protected, which would increase to 31.6 under the proposed expansion, indicating that existing protected areas are insufficient for conserving this population. The Terra Chá population was compared with other Iberian populations using an ensemble distribution model at the peninsular scale and an analysis of altitudinal ranges. This confirmed the biogeographical significance of this low-altitude population. Its uniqueness is explained by the particular hydrography and geomorphology of Terra Chá, which create edaphic and habitat conditions typically found at higher altitudes, allowing this population to persist at the edge of the species distribution.
The woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) is a species difficult to survey and census, with an Iberian distribution primarily across the mountainous areas of its northern half. In Galicia, the species is very scarce, and its breeding populations are classified as vulnerable in the Galician Catalogue of Threatened Species. Recently, an isolated population was detected in the Terra Chá region. To study this population, a sampling protocol based on passive acoustic monitoring was developed, identifying 20 points of species presence. This expanded the known Galician distribution by 11 UTM 10x10 km grid cells, representing a 157 per cent increase in the documented range. New audio processing techniques using BirdNET allowed for the extraction of the woodcock s reproductive activity pattern and the estimation of 30 67 active males. Using these presence data, the species distribution in Terra Chá was modeled, resulting in a model with high predictive accuracy. Approximately 6,000 hectares of suitable habitat were identified, mainly composed of alluvial forests. The most influential variables were terrain roughness, mean NDWI, and deciduous tree cover. The coverage of protected areas within woodcock habitat was assessed through a GAP analysis, comparing currently protected areas with the proposed expansion of the Natura 2000 Network by the Xunta de Galicia. Currently, only 17.9 per cent of the potential habitat is protected, which would increase to 31.6 under the proposed expansion, indicating that existing protected areas are insufficient for conserving this population. The Terra Chá population was compared with other Iberian populations using an ensemble distribution model at the peninsular scale and an analysis of altitudinal ranges. This confirmed the biogeographical significance of this low-altitude population. Its uniqueness is explained by the particular hydrography and geomorphology of Terra Chá, which create edaphic and habitat conditions typically found at higher altitudes, allowing this population to persist at the edge of the species distribution.
Direction
SERRANO PEREZ, LUIS MIGUEL (Tutorships)
Cabana Otero, Martiño (Co-tutorships)
HERMIDA LORENZO, ROBERTO JESUS (Co-tutorships)
SERRANO PEREZ, LUIS MIGUEL (Tutorships)
Cabana Otero, Martiño (Co-tutorships)
HERMIDA LORENZO, ROBERTO JESUS (Co-tutorships)
Court
GONZALEZ GONZALEZ, MARCOS ANDRES (Chairman)
TABOADA RODRIGUEZ, TERESA MARIA (Secretary)
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Member)
GONZALEZ GONZALEZ, MARCOS ANDRES (Chairman)
TABOADA RODRIGUEZ, TERESA MARIA (Secretary)
LEIRA CAMPOS, ANTON MANOEL (Member)
Metal-Driven Radical Divergence: Cu and Co as Directors of Redox Pathways in Bioinorganic Models
Authorship
M.R.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
M.R.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
This Master’s Thesis presents a comparative study on the influence of metal identity on the redox activation of a potentially non-innocent phenolic ligand. An aminebis(phenolate) ligand was synthesized and characterized, and an electrochemical synthetic methodology based on sacrificial metal anodes was developed to obtain neutral cobalt and copper complexes. The free ligand behaves as an electronically innocent system, acting as a latent structural framework whose redox activity is triggered only upon metal coordination. Structural and spectroscopic characterization of the resulting complexes reveals a metal-dependent redox behaviour. In the cobalt system, electrolysis initially affords a CoII complex that evolves spontaneously in air to a CoIIIsemiquinone species, in which a persistent ligand-centered radical state is stabilized through effective metal ligand cooperation. In contrast, the copper system does not stabilize persistent radical species; instead, it promotes transient oxidative activation processes that lead to irreversible ligand transformation and formation of a complex containing an aldehyde fragment. Direct comparison of both systems demonstrates that metal identity plays a decisive role in directing accessible redox pathways. From a bioinorganic perspective, these results provide simple yet informative synthetic models to rationalize divergent oxidative strategies in phenolic ligand systems, with conceptual analogies to cobalt- and copper-dependent metalloenzymes.
This Master’s Thesis presents a comparative study on the influence of metal identity on the redox activation of a potentially non-innocent phenolic ligand. An aminebis(phenolate) ligand was synthesized and characterized, and an electrochemical synthetic methodology based on sacrificial metal anodes was developed to obtain neutral cobalt and copper complexes. The free ligand behaves as an electronically innocent system, acting as a latent structural framework whose redox activity is triggered only upon metal coordination. Structural and spectroscopic characterization of the resulting complexes reveals a metal-dependent redox behaviour. In the cobalt system, electrolysis initially affords a CoII complex that evolves spontaneously in air to a CoIIIsemiquinone species, in which a persistent ligand-centered radical state is stabilized through effective metal ligand cooperation. In contrast, the copper system does not stabilize persistent radical species; instead, it promotes transient oxidative activation processes that lead to irreversible ligand transformation and formation of a complex containing an aldehyde fragment. Direct comparison of both systems demonstrates that metal identity plays a decisive role in directing accessible redox pathways. From a bioinorganic perspective, these results provide simple yet informative synthetic models to rationalize divergent oxidative strategies in phenolic ligand systems, with conceptual analogies to cobalt- and copper-dependent metalloenzymes.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ SILVA, LAURA (Tutorships)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Co-tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ SILVA, LAURA (Tutorships)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Study of natural compounds on TRPV1 channels
Authorship
U.R.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
U.R.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a foodborne illness caused by the consumption of seafood contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs). The incidence of CFP has increased in recent years as a consequence of climate change and the geographic expansion of toxin producing microalgae. CFP is characterized by a wide variety of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurosensory symptoms, many of which still lack a clear pathophysiological explanation. Similarly, neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), caused by brevetoxins (BTXs), presents a comparable neurological symptomatology. Although the main mechanism of action described for CTXs and BTXs is the activation of voltage gated sodium channels, this mechanism does not fully explain the diversity and persistence of some sensory symptoms associated with both intoxications. In the present study, the effects of P-CTX-3C and BTX-3 on human transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels were investigated. TRPV1 is an ion channel involved in pain perception, temperature sensing, and inflammatory processes. To address this, electrophysiological studies were conducted in HEK293 cells expressing the human TRPV1 receptor, evaluating channel modulation under different physiological conditions. The results showed that P-CTX-3C significantly potentiates TRPV1 receptor activity, an effect that is amplified under acidic pH conditions, oxidative stress, increased intracellular ATP levels, and in the presence of the endogenous ligand anandamide. These conditions increased the amplitude of channel currents and shifted channel activation toward more hyperpolarized potentials. In contrast, BTX-3 did not exhibit direct effects on the TRPV1 receptor. However, the combination of BTX-3 with P-CTX-3C produced an allosteric effect, leading to significant activation of TRPV1 channels.
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a foodborne illness caused by the consumption of seafood contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs). The incidence of CFP has increased in recent years as a consequence of climate change and the geographic expansion of toxin producing microalgae. CFP is characterized by a wide variety of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurosensory symptoms, many of which still lack a clear pathophysiological explanation. Similarly, neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), caused by brevetoxins (BTXs), presents a comparable neurological symptomatology. Although the main mechanism of action described for CTXs and BTXs is the activation of voltage gated sodium channels, this mechanism does not fully explain the diversity and persistence of some sensory symptoms associated with both intoxications. In the present study, the effects of P-CTX-3C and BTX-3 on human transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels were investigated. TRPV1 is an ion channel involved in pain perception, temperature sensing, and inflammatory processes. To address this, electrophysiological studies were conducted in HEK293 cells expressing the human TRPV1 receptor, evaluating channel modulation under different physiological conditions. The results showed that P-CTX-3C significantly potentiates TRPV1 receptor activity, an effect that is amplified under acidic pH conditions, oxidative stress, increased intracellular ATP levels, and in the presence of the endogenous ligand anandamide. These conditions increased the amplitude of channel currents and shifted channel activation toward more hyperpolarized potentials. In contrast, BTX-3 did not exhibit direct effects on the TRPV1 receptor. However, the combination of BTX-3 with P-CTX-3C produced an allosteric effect, leading to significant activation of TRPV1 channels.
Direction
VALE GONZALEZ, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
VALE GONZALEZ, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Response of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum to ocean warming: variations in growth, physiology and toxin production
Authorship
E.S.C.
Master's Degree in Marine Biology
E.S.C.
Master's Degree in Marine Biology
Defense date
02.27.2026 10:00
02.27.2026 10:00
Summary
Ocean warming is one of the main drivers associated with changes in the proliferation and physiology of toxic dinoflagellates such as Alexandrium minutum, a species responsible for recurrent harmful algal blooms in the Rías Baixas. This study evaluated the response of a local strain isolated from the Ría de Pontevedra under different warming scenarios, analysing growth, physiological status and toxin production. The results showed that the response to warming depended on the intensity and duration of exposure. A moderate temperature increase did not produce significant effects, whereas prolonged exposure to higher temperature reduced growth capacity and affected several physiological parameters, particularly after a dilution event. In addition, changes in pigment composition were observed, consistent with photoprotective adjustments under stress conditions. Toxin production did not increase with temperature and generally remained at very low levels throughout the experiment. Overall, these results indicate that although this strain shows tolerance to moderate temperature increases, prolonged exposure to elevated thermal conditions may compromise its physiological performance. However, the response of this species depends on the interaction of multiple environmental factors, and therefore the effect of warming cannot be interpreted in isolation. These findings contribute to improving our understanding of the response of A. minutum in the context of climate change.
Ocean warming is one of the main drivers associated with changes in the proliferation and physiology of toxic dinoflagellates such as Alexandrium minutum, a species responsible for recurrent harmful algal blooms in the Rías Baixas. This study evaluated the response of a local strain isolated from the Ría de Pontevedra under different warming scenarios, analysing growth, physiological status and toxin production. The results showed that the response to warming depended on the intensity and duration of exposure. A moderate temperature increase did not produce significant effects, whereas prolonged exposure to higher temperature reduced growth capacity and affected several physiological parameters, particularly after a dilution event. In addition, changes in pigment composition were observed, consistent with photoprotective adjustments under stress conditions. Toxin production did not increase with temperature and generally remained at very low levels throughout the experiment. Overall, these results indicate that although this strain shows tolerance to moderate temperature increases, prolonged exposure to elevated thermal conditions may compromise its physiological performance. However, the response of this species depends on the interaction of multiple environmental factors, and therefore the effect of warming cannot be interpreted in isolation. These findings contribute to improving our understanding of the response of A. minutum in the context of climate change.
Direction
DOMINGUEZ CONDE, JESUS (Tutorships)
Garrido Valencia, José Luis (Co-tutorships)
GOMES TEIXEIRA, ISABEL CRISTINA (Co-tutorships)
DOMINGUEZ CONDE, JESUS (Tutorships)
Garrido Valencia, José Luis (Co-tutorships)
GOMES TEIXEIRA, ISABEL CRISTINA (Co-tutorships)
Court
BESTEIRO RODRIGUEZ, MARIA CELIA (Chairman)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Secretary)
Rodriguez Diaz, Miguel Angel (Member)
BESTEIRO RODRIGUEZ, MARIA CELIA (Chairman)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Secretary)
Rodriguez Diaz, Miguel Angel (Member)
Study of mesozooplankton trophic ecology in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula using different biomarkers
Authorship
P.S.S.
Master's Degree in Marine Biology
P.S.S.
Master's Degree in Marine Biology
Defense date
02.27.2026 10:00
02.27.2026 10:00
Summary
This study examines the mesozooplankton trophic ecology of in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula in two regions with contrasting oceanographic regimes: Galicia, characterized by more intense and recurrent coastal upwelling, and the Cantabrian Sea, with more stratified dynamics. The working hypothesis is that areas with greater influence from coastal upwelling will show differences in the sources of nutrients and organic matter, as well as in the trophic structure of mesozooplankton communities. To this end, mesozooplankton biomass samples were analyzed and different biomarkers: stable isotopes, in whole tissue (bulk) and specific compounds, and fatty acids, in order to evaluate the sources of nutrients and organic matter, the trophic structure, and the diet of mesozooplankton communities in both regions. Overall, the results indicate that the mesozooplankton communities of Galicia and the Cantabrian Sea had comparable sources of carbon and nitrogen; however, in Galicia, the influence of upwelling was associated with higher isotopic baseline values and greater homogeneity of basal sources. Although the mean trophic positions did not differ significantly between regions, multivariate isotopic and trophic niche analyses suggest differential resource use and a tendency toward slightly higher trophic positions in the Cantabrian Sea. Fatty acid analysis confirmed this dietary differentiation, with higher values of biomarkers derived from diatom fatty acids in Galicia, probably associated with upwelling, and higher values of biomarkers derived from flagellate fatty acids in the Cantabrian Sea. These results highlight the importance of combining isotopic analysis and fatty acid biomarkers to better understand the functional complexity of marine ecosystems and the influence of oceanographic conditions on plankton trophic dynamics.
This study examines the mesozooplankton trophic ecology of in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula in two regions with contrasting oceanographic regimes: Galicia, characterized by more intense and recurrent coastal upwelling, and the Cantabrian Sea, with more stratified dynamics. The working hypothesis is that areas with greater influence from coastal upwelling will show differences in the sources of nutrients and organic matter, as well as in the trophic structure of mesozooplankton communities. To this end, mesozooplankton biomass samples were analyzed and different biomarkers: stable isotopes, in whole tissue (bulk) and specific compounds, and fatty acids, in order to evaluate the sources of nutrients and organic matter, the trophic structure, and the diet of mesozooplankton communities in both regions. Overall, the results indicate that the mesozooplankton communities of Galicia and the Cantabrian Sea had comparable sources of carbon and nitrogen; however, in Galicia, the influence of upwelling was associated with higher isotopic baseline values and greater homogeneity of basal sources. Although the mean trophic positions did not differ significantly between regions, multivariate isotopic and trophic niche analyses suggest differential resource use and a tendency toward slightly higher trophic positions in the Cantabrian Sea. Fatty acid analysis confirmed this dietary differentiation, with higher values of biomarkers derived from diatom fatty acids in Galicia, probably associated with upwelling, and higher values of biomarkers derived from flagellate fatty acids in the Cantabrian Sea. These results highlight the importance of combining isotopic analysis and fatty acid biomarkers to better understand the functional complexity of marine ecosystems and the influence of oceanographic conditions on plankton trophic dynamics.
Direction
DOMINGUEZ CONDE, JESUS (Tutorships)
GONZALEZ VIANA, INES (Co-tutorships)
Rodríguez Ramos, Tamara (Co-tutorships)
DOMINGUEZ CONDE, JESUS (Tutorships)
GONZALEZ VIANA, INES (Co-tutorships)
Rodríguez Ramos, Tamara (Co-tutorships)
Court
BESTEIRO RODRIGUEZ, MARIA CELIA (Chairman)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Secretary)
Rodriguez Diaz, Miguel Angel (Member)
BESTEIRO RODRIGUEZ, MARIA CELIA (Chairman)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Secretary)
Rodriguez Diaz, Miguel Angel (Member)