Bioavailability and metabolism study of bisphenol A and phthalates in murine models
Authorship
B.A.L.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
B.A.L.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
The plastic material to which we are exposed on a daily basis usually contains chemical additives that improve its physicochemical properties. However, it has recently been discovered that many of these compounds can produce toxic effects in the organism. In the present study, eight phthalates and bisphenol A were selected for oral administration to Wistar rats in order to investigate their bioavailability. These compounds were studied both in their free form and associated with microplastics, and plasma samples were collected up to 72 hours post-exposure. An analytical methodology was developed, allowing the selective extraction of the chosen substances from the biological matrix through a protocol that included enzymatic de-conjugation and sample concentration. These samples were analysed by ultra-high resolution liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, using two acquisition methodologies to detect, on the one hand, concentration levels of precursor phthalates and, on the other hand, those of phthalate metabolites and bisphenol A. Thus, toxicokinetic parameters could be calculated and experimental groups were statistically compared. It was shown that, after administration, phthalates and bisphenol A are bioavailable and undergo transformations in the organism, resulting in the formation of metabolites. Generally, plasma concentrations were found to be higher for short-chain phthalates than for longest-chain (more hydrophobic) ones, which may exhibit lower bioavailability. When comparing the group that received the free compounds with the one that received them adsorbed onto microplastics, there were no overall differences for either bisphenol A, short-chain phthalates or longest-chain phthalates. Nevertheless, significant differences were found for some metabolites of phthalates with chains of six to eight carbon atoms, in which case bioavailability was enhanced by the adsorption to polyethylene. This is remarkable due to the continuous exposure we are subjected to and its health risk, and it emphasizes the need of further control and support for safer options.
The plastic material to which we are exposed on a daily basis usually contains chemical additives that improve its physicochemical properties. However, it has recently been discovered that many of these compounds can produce toxic effects in the organism. In the present study, eight phthalates and bisphenol A were selected for oral administration to Wistar rats in order to investigate their bioavailability. These compounds were studied both in their free form and associated with microplastics, and plasma samples were collected up to 72 hours post-exposure. An analytical methodology was developed, allowing the selective extraction of the chosen substances from the biological matrix through a protocol that included enzymatic de-conjugation and sample concentration. These samples were analysed by ultra-high resolution liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, using two acquisition methodologies to detect, on the one hand, concentration levels of precursor phthalates and, on the other hand, those of phthalate metabolites and bisphenol A. Thus, toxicokinetic parameters could be calculated and experimental groups were statistically compared. It was shown that, after administration, phthalates and bisphenol A are bioavailable and undergo transformations in the organism, resulting in the formation of metabolites. Generally, plasma concentrations were found to be higher for short-chain phthalates than for longest-chain (more hydrophobic) ones, which may exhibit lower bioavailability. When comparing the group that received the free compounds with the one that received them adsorbed onto microplastics, there were no overall differences for either bisphenol A, short-chain phthalates or longest-chain phthalates. Nevertheless, significant differences were found for some metabolites of phthalates with chains of six to eight carbon atoms, in which case bioavailability was enhanced by the adsorption to polyethylene. This is remarkable due to the continuous exposure we are subjected to and its health risk, and it emphasizes the need of further control and support for safer options.
Direction
RODIL RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL ROSARIO (Tutorships)
ESTEVEZ DANTA, ANDREA (Co-tutorships)
RODIL RODRIGUEZ, MARIA DEL ROSARIO (Tutorships)
ESTEVEZ DANTA, ANDREA (Co-tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Scientific rationale and development of a casein A2-based powdered supplement for athletes.
Authorship
L.P.A.C.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
L.P.A.C.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
The A2 beta-casein found in A2 milk is a slow-digesting protein variant with better intestinal tolerance and a lower inflammatory potential than A1 beta-casein, making it a nutritional matrix of particular interest in sports recovery strategies. This work integrates the available scientific evidence on casein derived from A2 milk and its combination with bioactive compounds intended to optimize muscle recovery, osteoarticular health, and sleep quality in athletes subjected to high training loads. Based on a narrative review of the published scientific literature, with special emphasis on the last 10 years, the physiological, nutritional, and technological foundations supporting the theoretical formulation of a powdered protein supplement based on casein derived from A2 milk were analyzed. The review includes classic studies on protein kinetics and anabolic metabolism, together with recent research on chrononutrition and inflammatory modulation. The proposed formulation combines casein derived from A2 milk with creatine monohydrate, magnesium bisglycinate, glycine, L-theanine, melatonin, vitamins D3 and K2, type II collagen, hyaluronic acid, omega-3 fatty acids (EPA+DHA), and specific probiotics (Lactobacillus plantarum PS128). The integration of these compounds makes it possible to address simultaneously the main determinants of athletic recovery: anabolic balance, muscle regeneration, inflammatory modulation, osteoarticular function, and sleep quality. The findings of this review suggest that combining slow-digesting proteins with functional cofactors represents a feasible and scientifically supported strategy to promote comprehensive athlete recovery during rest, while maintaining criteria of physiological safety, technological feasibility, and absence of prohibited substances.
The A2 beta-casein found in A2 milk is a slow-digesting protein variant with better intestinal tolerance and a lower inflammatory potential than A1 beta-casein, making it a nutritional matrix of particular interest in sports recovery strategies. This work integrates the available scientific evidence on casein derived from A2 milk and its combination with bioactive compounds intended to optimize muscle recovery, osteoarticular health, and sleep quality in athletes subjected to high training loads. Based on a narrative review of the published scientific literature, with special emphasis on the last 10 years, the physiological, nutritional, and technological foundations supporting the theoretical formulation of a powdered protein supplement based on casein derived from A2 milk were analyzed. The review includes classic studies on protein kinetics and anabolic metabolism, together with recent research on chrononutrition and inflammatory modulation. The proposed formulation combines casein derived from A2 milk with creatine monohydrate, magnesium bisglycinate, glycine, L-theanine, melatonin, vitamins D3 and K2, type II collagen, hyaluronic acid, omega-3 fatty acids (EPA+DHA), and specific probiotics (Lactobacillus plantarum PS128). The integration of these compounds makes it possible to address simultaneously the main determinants of athletic recovery: anabolic balance, muscle regeneration, inflammatory modulation, osteoarticular function, and sleep quality. The findings of this review suggest that combining slow-digesting proteins with functional cofactors represents a feasible and scientifically supported strategy to promote comprehensive athlete recovery during rest, while maintaining criteria of physiological safety, technological feasibility, and absence of prohibited substances.
Direction
FENTE SAMPAYO, CRISTINA ASUNCION (Tutorships)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Co-tutorships)
FENTE SAMPAYO, CRISTINA ASUNCION (Tutorships)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Co-tutorships)
Court
HERRERO LATORRE, CARLOS (Chairman)
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Member)
HERRERO LATORRE, CARLOS (Chairman)
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Member)
Alginates as a structural component in synthetic cell walls of brown algae: impact of processing on rheological properties
Authorship
M.A.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
M.A.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
Brown algae constitute an important source of structural polysaccharides with high biotechnological interest, among which alginates stand out due to their key role in the mechanical, rheological, and functional properties of the cell wall. The role of alginate as a structural component in model systems of brown algal cell walls was investigated by evaluating the impact of processing on their physicochemical and functional properties. Bacterial cellulose hydrogels were used as a simplified cell wall model, combined with two types of alginate (A and B) differing in their beta-D-mannuronic acid (M) and alfa-L-guluronic acid (G) content, which determine gelation capacity and rigidity. The effects of thermal treatment at 90 C, ultrasound and freeze-drying and rehydration processes on the viscoelasticity, mechanical strength, and water-holding capacity of the hydrogels were studied. Mechanical and rheological properties were characterized using compression and oscillatory tests to assess the contribution of alginate to the rigidity and structural stability of the cellulose matrix. In addition, an in vitro digestion protocol (INFOGEST) was applied to analyze the stability of the systems under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Furthermore, the rheological properties of dispersions of the brown alga Saccharina latissima, rich in alginates, were analyzed to evaluate the increase in viscosity as a function of concentration. The results indicate that alginate modifies the mechanical and rheological behavior of the hydrogels depending on the type of alginate and the processing applied. The results also showed that the rheological behavior of Saccharina latissima dispersions is similar to that of vegetable dispersions. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the role of alginate in brown algae and offer valuable insights for optimizing biomaterial processing and developing sustainable functional ingredients with enhanced rheological properties.
Brown algae constitute an important source of structural polysaccharides with high biotechnological interest, among which alginates stand out due to their key role in the mechanical, rheological, and functional properties of the cell wall. The role of alginate as a structural component in model systems of brown algal cell walls was investigated by evaluating the impact of processing on their physicochemical and functional properties. Bacterial cellulose hydrogels were used as a simplified cell wall model, combined with two types of alginate (A and B) differing in their beta-D-mannuronic acid (M) and alfa-L-guluronic acid (G) content, which determine gelation capacity and rigidity. The effects of thermal treatment at 90 C, ultrasound and freeze-drying and rehydration processes on the viscoelasticity, mechanical strength, and water-holding capacity of the hydrogels were studied. Mechanical and rheological properties were characterized using compression and oscillatory tests to assess the contribution of alginate to the rigidity and structural stability of the cellulose matrix. In addition, an in vitro digestion protocol (INFOGEST) was applied to analyze the stability of the systems under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Furthermore, the rheological properties of dispersions of the brown alga Saccharina latissima, rich in alginates, were analyzed to evaluate the increase in viscosity as a function of concentration. The results indicate that alginate modifies the mechanical and rheological behavior of the hydrogels depending on the type of alginate and the processing applied. The results also showed that the rheological behavior of Saccharina latissima dispersions is similar to that of vegetable dispersions. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the role of alginate in brown algae and offer valuable insights for optimizing biomaterial processing and developing sustainable functional ingredients with enhanced rheological properties.
Direction
CABALEIRO LAGO, ENRIQUE MANUEL (Tutorships)
LOPEZ SANCHEZ, PATRICIA (Co-tutorships)
CABALEIRO LAGO, ENRIQUE MANUEL (Tutorships)
LOPEZ SANCHEZ, PATRICIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Capture of microplastics in water through microbial exopolymeric substances
Authorship
O.F.B.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
O.F.B.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging global concern due to their accumulation and persistent damage in aquatic ecosystems. Bacteria and microalgae with biodegradation potential have been isolated form biofilms that typically colonize these MPs, known as platysphere. However, sustainable methods for capturing and removing these MPs from waters are lacking. In this study, bacterial strains capable of aggregating suspended MPs were isolated and identified from plastic samples collected from river waters, serving as a precedent for the development of biotechnological tools for MP capture. These strains were tested under different conditions to observe how different parameters such as incubation time, agitation, nutrient availability, bacterial cell concentration and the presence of other aggregating bacteria, affect MP capture. Among the isolates from this screening, Bacillus sp. K8 showed the best MPs aggregation capacity after 48h of incubation with shaking, achieving up to 98% removal of polystyrene microspheres, comparable to the representative strain from a previous screening made by the team, Pseudomonas parakoreensis A16. Finally, with the aim of studying the effect of aggregation on the biodegradation of plastics, a proof of concept was carried out by transforming P.parakoreensis A16 with the FAST-PETase gene for PET degradation.
Microplastics (MPs) are an emerging global concern due to their accumulation and persistent damage in aquatic ecosystems. Bacteria and microalgae with biodegradation potential have been isolated form biofilms that typically colonize these MPs, known as platysphere. However, sustainable methods for capturing and removing these MPs from waters are lacking. In this study, bacterial strains capable of aggregating suspended MPs were isolated and identified from plastic samples collected from river waters, serving as a precedent for the development of biotechnological tools for MP capture. These strains were tested under different conditions to observe how different parameters such as incubation time, agitation, nutrient availability, bacterial cell concentration and the presence of other aggregating bacteria, affect MP capture. Among the isolates from this screening, Bacillus sp. K8 showed the best MPs aggregation capacity after 48h of incubation with shaking, achieving up to 98% removal of polystyrene microspheres, comparable to the representative strain from a previous screening made by the team, Pseudomonas parakoreensis A16. Finally, with the aim of studying the effect of aggregation on the biodegradation of plastics, a proof of concept was carried out by transforming P.parakoreensis A16 with the FAST-PETase gene for PET degradation.
Direction
ROMERO BERNARDEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO CASAL, ANA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
ROMERO BERNARDEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
OTERO CASAL, ANA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Microscale innovation: miniaturized strategies for the pretreatment of food samples
Authorship
L.B.R.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
L.B.R.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
Sample preparation is one of the most critical steps of food analysis, even more in those with complex matrices such as oil, wine and other foods, where the analytes of interest are present in low concentrations or where the heterogeneous composition hinders the extraction and detection of said analytes. In recent years, the development of miniaturized devices has revolutionized this field, enabling faster, more sustainable procedures with a lower reagent consumption. In this work a critical review is conducted on the main advances in miniaturized technologies applied to sample preparation in complex foods. To this end, different strategies are analyzed, such as solid-phase microextraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, microfluidic systems, and integrated lab-on-a-chip platforms, highlighting their operating principles, materials used, degree of automation, and applicability to different types of food matrices, mainly for nucleic acids. Finally, emerging trends towards digitization, portability, and real-time monitoring are addressed, as well as the challenges associated with the validation and standardization of these systems for implementation in laboratories and industrial environments. Therefore, miniaturized devices represent a key tool for advancing towards a more efficient, sustainable, and highly accurate form of food analysis.
Sample preparation is one of the most critical steps of food analysis, even more in those with complex matrices such as oil, wine and other foods, where the analytes of interest are present in low concentrations or where the heterogeneous composition hinders the extraction and detection of said analytes. In recent years, the development of miniaturized devices has revolutionized this field, enabling faster, more sustainable procedures with a lower reagent consumption. In this work a critical review is conducted on the main advances in miniaturized technologies applied to sample preparation in complex foods. To this end, different strategies are analyzed, such as solid-phase microextraction, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, microfluidic systems, and integrated lab-on-a-chip platforms, highlighting their operating principles, materials used, degree of automation, and applicability to different types of food matrices, mainly for nucleic acids. Finally, emerging trends towards digitization, portability, and real-time monitoring are addressed, as well as the challenges associated with the validation and standardization of these systems for implementation in laboratories and industrial environments. Therefore, miniaturized devices represent a key tool for advancing towards a more efficient, sustainable, and highly accurate form of food analysis.
Direction
PRADO RODRIGUEZ, MARTA (Tutorships)
PRADO RODRIGUEZ, MARTA (Tutorships)
Court
HERRERO LATORRE, CARLOS (Chairman)
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Member)
HERRERO LATORRE, CARLOS (Chairman)
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Member)
Valorization of dairy industry by-products through biotechnological processes for the development of functional food bases
Authorship
N.A.C.B.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
N.A.C.B.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
Defense date
02.13.2026 08:30
02.13.2026 08:30
Summary
Food loss and waste constitute one of the major challenges of the food system, representing approximately one-third of global production and generating significant negative environmental externalities. The dairy industry contributes substantially to this impact by generating liquid waste with high contaminant potential, with whey being the main by-product. The EU, the second largest milk producer worldwide, directs nearly half of its dairy production to cheese making, resulting in the generation of large volumes of whey. Although whey retains much of the nutritional value of milk, the dairy sector, mostly composed of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), faces economic and technological limitations that hinder its integration into a circular economy. In this context, the present study aimed to develop a whey valorization strategy through fermentative processes, given their operational simplicity, low cost, and biotechnological potential, targeting the production of a probiotic base, in line with the growing consumer concern for health and the steadily increasing demand for functional products. Preliminary trials established 20 C and a processing time of 24 hours as suitable conditions to promote stable microbial growth while limiting the production of undesired metabolites. Scale-up in a bioreactor confirmed these results and demonstrated a potential reduction in processing time from 24 to 18 hours. The resulting base showed microbiological stability and a viable microorganism count compatible with probiotic potential for 9-10 days under typical refrigeration conditions. Overall, the results demonstrate the suitability of this matrix for the development of a probiotic base via low-investment biotechnological processes and pave the way for future research on the production of bioactive compounds of interest.
Food loss and waste constitute one of the major challenges of the food system, representing approximately one-third of global production and generating significant negative environmental externalities. The dairy industry contributes substantially to this impact by generating liquid waste with high contaminant potential, with whey being the main by-product. The EU, the second largest milk producer worldwide, directs nearly half of its dairy production to cheese making, resulting in the generation of large volumes of whey. Although whey retains much of the nutritional value of milk, the dairy sector, mostly composed of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), faces economic and technological limitations that hinder its integration into a circular economy. In this context, the present study aimed to develop a whey valorization strategy through fermentative processes, given their operational simplicity, low cost, and biotechnological potential, targeting the production of a probiotic base, in line with the growing consumer concern for health and the steadily increasing demand for functional products. Preliminary trials established 20 C and a processing time of 24 hours as suitable conditions to promote stable microbial growth while limiting the production of undesired metabolites. Scale-up in a bioreactor confirmed these results and demonstrated a potential reduction in processing time from 24 to 18 hours. The resulting base showed microbiological stability and a viable microorganism count compatible with probiotic potential for 9-10 days under typical refrigeration conditions. Overall, the results demonstrate the suitability of this matrix for the development of a probiotic base via low-investment biotechnological processes and pave the way for future research on the production of bioactive compounds of interest.
Direction
CAZON DIAZ, PATRICIA (Tutorships)
ALVAREZ ALVAREZ, ANA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
CAZON DIAZ, PATRICIA (Tutorships)
ALVAREZ ALVAREZ, ANA MARIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)
Molecular and Cellular Analysis in Atopic Dermatitis: Identification of Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets with focus on Inflammation and Fibrosis
Authorship
E.C.G.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
E.C.G.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin with varying degrees of severity This study addresses the phenotypes of classical dermatitis and nodular prurigo in an atopic context Patients with atopic dermatitis exhibit immunological and epidermal barrier alterations, leading to persistent inflammation and a high risk of pathogen and allergen entry In addition fibrosis is common and hinders the functional regeneration of the tissue Despite these characteristics the exact differences between atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo remain unclear The aim of this work is to identify potential biomarkers specific to classical atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo by characterizing the molecular and cellular differences involved in the chronic inflammation of these phenotypes The methodology applied consisted of flow cytometry analysis of venous blood samples from healthy individuals and patients with classical atopic dermatitis or nodular prurigo as well as a preliminary proteomic analysis of biopsies from healthy and lesional skin from individuals with atopic dermatitis Flow cytometry data revealed higher levels of total eosinophils and a higher proportion of inflammatory eosinophils in atopic phenotypes compared with healthy controls Moreover the eosinophilic profile in these patients was characterized by elevated activation of the IL3Ra marker and reduced IL5Ra marker expression The proteomic analysis showed a significant reduction in proteins associated with keratinocyte differentiation KRT2 KRT10 and with anti inflammatory functions SLRP family in lesional skin compared with healthy skin Based on the results obtained in this pilot study there is clear evidence of the need to further investigate the pro inflammatory mechanisms through a larger study cohort that would allow the identification of clear differences between classical atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin with varying degrees of severity This study addresses the phenotypes of classical dermatitis and nodular prurigo in an atopic context Patients with atopic dermatitis exhibit immunological and epidermal barrier alterations, leading to persistent inflammation and a high risk of pathogen and allergen entry In addition fibrosis is common and hinders the functional regeneration of the tissue Despite these characteristics the exact differences between atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo remain unclear The aim of this work is to identify potential biomarkers specific to classical atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo by characterizing the molecular and cellular differences involved in the chronic inflammation of these phenotypes The methodology applied consisted of flow cytometry analysis of venous blood samples from healthy individuals and patients with classical atopic dermatitis or nodular prurigo as well as a preliminary proteomic analysis of biopsies from healthy and lesional skin from individuals with atopic dermatitis Flow cytometry data revealed higher levels of total eosinophils and a higher proportion of inflammatory eosinophils in atopic phenotypes compared with healthy controls Moreover the eosinophilic profile in these patients was characterized by elevated activation of the IL3Ra marker and reduced IL5Ra marker expression The proteomic analysis showed a significant reduction in proteins associated with keratinocyte differentiation KRT2 KRT10 and with anti inflammatory functions SLRP family in lesional skin compared with healthy skin Based on the results obtained in this pilot study there is clear evidence of the need to further investigate the pro inflammatory mechanisms through a larger study cohort that would allow the identification of clear differences between classical atopic dermatitis and nodular prurigo
Direction
NIETO FONTARIGO, JUAN JOSE (Tutorships)
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Co-tutorships)
NIETO FONTARIGO, JUAN JOSE (Tutorships)
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Optimization of a CAR construct and lentivirus production
Authorship
M.F.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
M.F.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies have been established as one of the most effective strategies in oncology, especially in hematological malignancies. However, their application in solid tumors and their development in academic settings continue to present significant challenges, both biological and technical, notably the complexity of the manufacturing process. In this context, the optimization of lentiviral production and the functional validation of the CAR-T cells generated are key steps in improving the reproducibility and feasibility of these therapies. This Master’s Thesis addressed the optimization of the production of lentiviral vectors encoding an anti-claudin 18.2 CAR developed in an academic context, as well as the in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of these CAR-T cells. For lentiviral production, different experimental designs were compared, varying the transfection reagent (PEI and TransIT-LT1), the proportions of plasmid DNA and the amount of reagent used. The efficiency of each condition was evaluated by transducing JURKAT cells and analyzing CAR expression by flow cytometry. The results identified the use of 7.5 microliters of TransIT-LT1 reagent together with the plasmid DNA proportions corresponding to experimental design B as the optimal condition. Finally, the functionality of anti-claudin 18.2 CAR-T cells was evaluated using the HiBiT Target Cell Killing Bioassay, confirming specific cytotoxic activity against claudin 18.2-positive target cells.
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies have been established as one of the most effective strategies in oncology, especially in hematological malignancies. However, their application in solid tumors and their development in academic settings continue to present significant challenges, both biological and technical, notably the complexity of the manufacturing process. In this context, the optimization of lentiviral production and the functional validation of the CAR-T cells generated are key steps in improving the reproducibility and feasibility of these therapies. This Master’s Thesis addressed the optimization of the production of lentiviral vectors encoding an anti-claudin 18.2 CAR developed in an academic context, as well as the in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of these CAR-T cells. For lentiviral production, different experimental designs were compared, varying the transfection reagent (PEI and TransIT-LT1), the proportions of plasmid DNA and the amount of reagent used. The efficiency of each condition was evaluated by transducing JURKAT cells and analyzing CAR expression by flow cytometry. The results identified the use of 7.5 microliters of TransIT-LT1 reagent together with the plasmid DNA proportions corresponding to experimental design B as the optimal condition. Finally, the functionality of anti-claudin 18.2 CAR-T cells was evaluated using the HiBiT Target Cell Killing Bioassay, confirming specific cytotoxic activity against claudin 18.2-positive target cells.
Direction
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
Boquete Vilariño, Lorena (Co-tutorships)
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
Boquete Vilariño, Lorena (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Computational study of the interaction and recognition between histone epigenetic marks and the YEATS domain
Authorship
N.F.E.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
N.F.E.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
YEATS domains are involved in the recognition of post-translational modifications of lysine residues in histones and play a key role in the regulation of gene expression. In this work, computational simulations were used to study the interaction between histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) modified by acetylation, crotonylation, butyrylation, and benzoylation with the YEATS domain of the human protein AF9, including a comparative analysis with its yeast homolog Taf14 in the case of crotonylation. Molecular dynamics simulations of 100 ns were performed to evaluate structural stability, conformational dynamics, and non-covalent interactions. The complexes exhibited high stability with moderate fluctuations. Geometric analysis confirmed the key role of the aromatic residues F28, F59, and Y78 in the binding pocket, which enable a crucial pi interaction for stacking with the modified lysine in a sandwich-like conformation. In addition, residue Y78 forms a hydrogen bond with the modified lysine, making a decisive contribution to complex stabilization. Different acylations generate specific interaction patterns depending on the hydrophobicity, volume, and charge of the resulting side chain. Greater stabilization was observed for crotonylated and benzoylated complexes, associated with the higher rigidity and volume of these modifications. In the crotonylated AF9 complex, the Y78W mutation significantly increases the attractive interaction, reproducing the behavior of the Taf14 homolog, whose more open pocket favors stronger interactions. Overall, this study provides a detailed description of the structural and energetic mechanisms involved in the highly selective recognition of diverse epigenetic marks by the YEATS domain.
YEATS domains are involved in the recognition of post-translational modifications of lysine residues in histones and play a key role in the regulation of gene expression. In this work, computational simulations were used to study the interaction between histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) modified by acetylation, crotonylation, butyrylation, and benzoylation with the YEATS domain of the human protein AF9, including a comparative analysis with its yeast homolog Taf14 in the case of crotonylation. Molecular dynamics simulations of 100 ns were performed to evaluate structural stability, conformational dynamics, and non-covalent interactions. The complexes exhibited high stability with moderate fluctuations. Geometric analysis confirmed the key role of the aromatic residues F28, F59, and Y78 in the binding pocket, which enable a crucial pi interaction for stacking with the modified lysine in a sandwich-like conformation. In addition, residue Y78 forms a hydrogen bond with the modified lysine, making a decisive contribution to complex stabilization. Different acylations generate specific interaction patterns depending on the hydrophobicity, volume, and charge of the resulting side chain. Greater stabilization was observed for crotonylated and benzoylated complexes, associated with the higher rigidity and volume of these modifications. In the crotonylated AF9 complex, the Y78W mutation significantly increases the attractive interaction, reproducing the behavior of the Taf14 homolog, whose more open pocket favors stronger interactions. Overall, this study provides a detailed description of the structural and energetic mechanisms involved in the highly selective recognition of diverse epigenetic marks by the YEATS domain.
Direction
CABALEIRO LAGO, ENRIQUE MANUEL (Tutorships)
CABALEIRO LAGO, ENRIQUE MANUEL (Tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Evaluation of the Lupeol gene for the development of rapid methods for the identification of olive varieties in the olive oil industry
Authorship
A.C.F.F.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
A.C.F.F.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
Olive oil is a product of high economic, cultural, and nutritional value, whose quality and authenticity depend largely on the olive variety used. However, the existence of intentional and/or unintentional fraud poses a challenge to the authenticity and traceability of this product. In this context, molecular methods based on DNA analysis represent a reliable and widely explored tool for varietal identification. Therefore, this Thesis addresses the development of a varietal identification strategy based on the use of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for differentiating Olea europaea varieties. Specifically, the study focuses on the lupeol synthase (OEW) gene, previously described as a region of interest for this type of molecular method. After amplification and sequencing of the OEW gene, a bioinformatics analysis is carried out to identify four SNPs with discriminatory potential among the studied varieties. Based on these four SNPs, three genotyping assays were designed using qPCR with TaqMan probes, enabling the unequivocal differentiation of the Koroneiki, Kilis Yaglik, and Brava varieties. Furthermore, combining the results obtained with the OEW gene with previous data obtained with the cycloartenol synthase (OEX) gene increases the discriminatory power of the method. The results obtained demonstrate the potential of qPCR-based molecular methods for varietal identification of olive trees, contributing to improved traceability, authenticity, and fraud prevention in the olive sector, while also reinforcing the value of traditional varieties of this species.
Olive oil is a product of high economic, cultural, and nutritional value, whose quality and authenticity depend largely on the olive variety used. However, the existence of intentional and/or unintentional fraud poses a challenge to the authenticity and traceability of this product. In this context, molecular methods based on DNA analysis represent a reliable and widely explored tool for varietal identification. Therefore, this Thesis addresses the development of a varietal identification strategy based on the use of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for differentiating Olea europaea varieties. Specifically, the study focuses on the lupeol synthase (OEW) gene, previously described as a region of interest for this type of molecular method. After amplification and sequencing of the OEW gene, a bioinformatics analysis is carried out to identify four SNPs with discriminatory potential among the studied varieties. Based on these four SNPs, three genotyping assays were designed using qPCR with TaqMan probes, enabling the unequivocal differentiation of the Koroneiki, Kilis Yaglik, and Brava varieties. Furthermore, combining the results obtained with the OEW gene with previous data obtained with the cycloartenol synthase (OEX) gene increases the discriminatory power of the method. The results obtained demonstrate the potential of qPCR-based molecular methods for varietal identification of olive trees, contributing to improved traceability, authenticity, and fraud prevention in the olive sector, while also reinforcing the value of traditional varieties of this species.
Direction
PRADO RODRIGUEZ, MARTA (Tutorships)
CALO MATA, MARIA DEL PILAR (Co-tutorships)
PRADO RODRIGUEZ, MARTA (Tutorships)
CALO MATA, MARIA DEL PILAR (Co-tutorships)
Court
HERRERO LATORRE, CARLOS (Chairman)
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Member)
HERRERO LATORRE, CARLOS (Chairman)
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Member)
Analysis of the role of adversiting healthy eating
Authorship
P.F.G.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
P.F.G.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
Defense date
02.13.2026 08:30
02.13.2026 08:30
Summary
The aim of this study is to analyze current television advertising and consumers’ perceptions of its influence on their purchasing and consumption habits. On the one hand, advertising broadcast over a fifteen-day period on the channels Antena 3, Telecinco, and TVG was analyzed in two time slots: from 4 to 6 p.m. and from 9 p.m. to 12 a.m. Based on previous research, a comparative analysis of advertising trends between 2024 and 2025 was conducted. A total of 13,661 advertisements were analyzed, of which 4,386 (32 %) belonged to the food sector. These ads were categorized by theme into: food products, supermarkets, restaurants, delivery apps, dietary supplements, and health promotion campaigns. Food-related advertisements were classified according to the NOVA classification, revealing a predominance of ultra-processed foods (IV), although with positive trends, as a decrease was observed in 2025 compared to 2024. The category of minimally processed foods (I) remained stable, while processed foods (III) increased in presence. Among the most significant changes was an almost total decline in alcohol advertising. On the other hand, a consumer study (n = 207) was conducted to analyze the perceived influence of advertising on habits. The results indicate that the population does not consider itself directly influenced, although minors under 18 are identified as a vulnerable group. In addition, participants highlighted that nutritional information is insufficient. They also reinforced the need for stricter regulations of food advertising, particularly aimed at children. Finally, in view of the findings, the study emphasizes the role of advertising in promoting healthy eating and the relevance of Dietitians-Nutritionists in this field.
The aim of this study is to analyze current television advertising and consumers’ perceptions of its influence on their purchasing and consumption habits. On the one hand, advertising broadcast over a fifteen-day period on the channels Antena 3, Telecinco, and TVG was analyzed in two time slots: from 4 to 6 p.m. and from 9 p.m. to 12 a.m. Based on previous research, a comparative analysis of advertising trends between 2024 and 2025 was conducted. A total of 13,661 advertisements were analyzed, of which 4,386 (32 %) belonged to the food sector. These ads were categorized by theme into: food products, supermarkets, restaurants, delivery apps, dietary supplements, and health promotion campaigns. Food-related advertisements were classified according to the NOVA classification, revealing a predominance of ultra-processed foods (IV), although with positive trends, as a decrease was observed in 2025 compared to 2024. The category of minimally processed foods (I) remained stable, while processed foods (III) increased in presence. Among the most significant changes was an almost total decline in alcohol advertising. On the other hand, a consumer study (n = 207) was conducted to analyze the perceived influence of advertising on habits. The results indicate that the population does not consider itself directly influenced, although minors under 18 are identified as a vulnerable group. In addition, participants highlighted that nutritional information is insufficient. They also reinforced the need for stricter regulations of food advertising, particularly aimed at children. Finally, in view of the findings, the study emphasizes the role of advertising in promoting healthy eating and the relevance of Dietitians-Nutritionists in this field.
Direction
ROMERO RODRIGUEZ, MARIA ANGELES (Tutorships)
ROMERO RODRIGUEZ, MARIA ANGELES (Tutorships)
Court
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)
Edible packaging based on whey proteins and its application in different foods
Authorship
T.F.L.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
T.F.L.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
Food packaging has always been an area of interest for the food industry, but in recent years, it has also become increasingly relevant to consumers due to the growing development of environmental awareness, and the demand for safe, healthy, and stable foods. For the most part, the packaging materials used are plastic, glass, metal, or paper, materials that cause high levels of environmental pollution. Therefore, alternatives are being sought that generate near-zero waste and may even be edible. The main advantage of this type of packaging lies in its biodegradability and the absence of food contamination. Edible packaging can be based on polysaccharides, lipids, or proteins; in this review, we will focus on the latter, and more specifically, on whey proteins. Whey is a by-product of the cheese industry, is produced in large quantities and its discharge into the environment can lead to serious pollution problems. However, it also contains valuable nutrients. In this context, processing and reusing whey to create edible packaging based on whey proteins is of dual interest: it promotes the development of biodegradable packaging while preventing whey disposal into the environment. In the following literature review, we describe the process of manufacturing this type of packaging, define its main properties and summarize its current applications.
Food packaging has always been an area of interest for the food industry, but in recent years, it has also become increasingly relevant to consumers due to the growing development of environmental awareness, and the demand for safe, healthy, and stable foods. For the most part, the packaging materials used are plastic, glass, metal, or paper, materials that cause high levels of environmental pollution. Therefore, alternatives are being sought that generate near-zero waste and may even be edible. The main advantage of this type of packaging lies in its biodegradability and the absence of food contamination. Edible packaging can be based on polysaccharides, lipids, or proteins; in this review, we will focus on the latter, and more specifically, on whey proteins. Whey is a by-product of the cheese industry, is produced in large quantities and its discharge into the environment can lead to serious pollution problems. However, it also contains valuable nutrients. In this context, processing and reusing whey to create edible packaging based on whey proteins is of dual interest: it promotes the development of biodegradable packaging while preventing whey disposal into the environment. In the following literature review, we describe the process of manufacturing this type of packaging, define its main properties and summarize its current applications.
Direction
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Tutorships)
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Tutorships)
Court
HERRERO LATORRE, CARLOS (Chairman)
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Member)
HERRERO LATORRE, CARLOS (Chairman)
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Member)
Extraction and characterization of laminarin from Saccharina latissima as a biopolymer for applications in the food industry
Authorship
M.L.A.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
M.L.A.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
The large amount of non-biodegradable waste generated by conventional packaging has driven the search for renewable alternatives that enable progress toward more sustainable systems. Among emerging options, algae-derived biopolymers stand out due to their availability, safety profile, and the diversity of functional polysaccharides. In this work, the production of a laminarin-rich fraction from the brown macroalga Saccharina latissima was proposed with the dual objective of (i) establishing a reproducible extraction and membrane-based purification protocol and (ii) assessing its functional potential for applications in materials intended to contact food. The strategy combined mild acid hydrolysis (0.075 M HCl; 70 C) assisted by ultrasound, clarification, and sequential ultrafiltration (300 - 30 - 10 - 5 kDa), considering the final 5 kDa retentate (U5R) as the concentrate of interest (5 - 10 kDa) and obtaining a final lyophilizate. The protocol was evaluated under two solid-to-liquid ratios (1:14 and 1:12). Recovery after clarification was around 83-86%, and the overall yield of the U5R lyophilizate ranged from 1.40 to 1.93% (w/w), depending on the condition. Compositional characterization of U5R indicated a relevant presence of beta glucans between 14.89 and 22.24% (w/w, dry basis). The fraction showed moderate to high antioxidant activity, with DPPH inhibitions between 62.08 and 80.67% and ABTS inhibitions between 63.01 and 94.38%, depending on the condition. UV-Vis profiles (200-400 nm), CIELAB colorimetry, and ATR-FTIR were consistent with a predominantly polysaccharide matrix that retains co-extracts with optical contribution. As a proof of concept, U5R (1:12 condition) was incorporated into PVA films, showing reduced UV transmittance of the material and changes in film properties (moisture and puncture resistance).
The large amount of non-biodegradable waste generated by conventional packaging has driven the search for renewable alternatives that enable progress toward more sustainable systems. Among emerging options, algae-derived biopolymers stand out due to their availability, safety profile, and the diversity of functional polysaccharides. In this work, the production of a laminarin-rich fraction from the brown macroalga Saccharina latissima was proposed with the dual objective of (i) establishing a reproducible extraction and membrane-based purification protocol and (ii) assessing its functional potential for applications in materials intended to contact food. The strategy combined mild acid hydrolysis (0.075 M HCl; 70 C) assisted by ultrasound, clarification, and sequential ultrafiltration (300 - 30 - 10 - 5 kDa), considering the final 5 kDa retentate (U5R) as the concentrate of interest (5 - 10 kDa) and obtaining a final lyophilizate. The protocol was evaluated under two solid-to-liquid ratios (1:14 and 1:12). Recovery after clarification was around 83-86%, and the overall yield of the U5R lyophilizate ranged from 1.40 to 1.93% (w/w), depending on the condition. Compositional characterization of U5R indicated a relevant presence of beta glucans between 14.89 and 22.24% (w/w, dry basis). The fraction showed moderate to high antioxidant activity, with DPPH inhibitions between 62.08 and 80.67% and ABTS inhibitions between 63.01 and 94.38%, depending on the condition. UV-Vis profiles (200-400 nm), CIELAB colorimetry, and ATR-FTIR were consistent with a predominantly polysaccharide matrix that retains co-extracts with optical contribution. As a proof of concept, U5R (1:12 condition) was incorporated into PVA films, showing reduced UV transmittance of the material and changes in film properties (moisture and puncture resistance).
Direction
CAZON DIAZ, PATRICIA (Tutorships)
LOPEZ SANCHEZ, PATRICIA (Co-tutorships)
CAZON DIAZ, PATRICIA (Tutorships)
LOPEZ SANCHEZ, PATRICIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Development, characterization and preclinical evaluation of nanoparticles for advanced therapies.
Authorship
S.L.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
S.L.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Adoptive cell therapies and gene editing systems such CRISPR/Cas9 are a innovative tool for creating effective treatments for cancer and rare disease. However, they present several limitations, which will highlight the use of viral vectors that can cause insertional mutagenesis, off-target effects, risk of immunogenicity and complex manufacturing processes. For this reason, nanotechnology represents a powerful solution to all these limitations, allowing the generation of nanosystems that specifically target a cell type, thus reducing side effects. In this study, we aimed to develop lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for use in gene edition of T lymphocytes and macrophages. We began by encapsulating FLuc mRNA, eGFP mRNA, sgPLK1 mRNA with Cas9 mRNA and CAR-GFP pDNA, and with the physicochemical characterization of the resulting LNPs. Optimizations of the direct encapsulation efficiency (EE%) method were carried out, transfection experiments were performed on immortalized cell lines, Jurkat and THP-1, and on primary human CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes. The results obtained show that it is possible to obtain LNPs (DIVTECH) with properties suitable for the association of different types of nucleic acids. Assays to directly quantify EE% indicate that further optimization of the methodology is necessary, therefore, indirect quantification was employed. Furthermore, it was confirmed that DIVTECH LNPs successfully transfect Jurkat cells and primary CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes, while showing lower values in THP-1 cells differentiated into M2 macrophages. This indicates that DIVTECH LNPs has great potential for delivering different molecules to immune system cells, although adjustments to its composition are necessary to improve transfection efficacy for each cell type. This will enable us to develop the design of advanced novel therapy.
Adoptive cell therapies and gene editing systems such CRISPR/Cas9 are a innovative tool for creating effective treatments for cancer and rare disease. However, they present several limitations, which will highlight the use of viral vectors that can cause insertional mutagenesis, off-target effects, risk of immunogenicity and complex manufacturing processes. For this reason, nanotechnology represents a powerful solution to all these limitations, allowing the generation of nanosystems that specifically target a cell type, thus reducing side effects. In this study, we aimed to develop lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for use in gene edition of T lymphocytes and macrophages. We began by encapsulating FLuc mRNA, eGFP mRNA, sgPLK1 mRNA with Cas9 mRNA and CAR-GFP pDNA, and with the physicochemical characterization of the resulting LNPs. Optimizations of the direct encapsulation efficiency (EE%) method were carried out, transfection experiments were performed on immortalized cell lines, Jurkat and THP-1, and on primary human CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes. The results obtained show that it is possible to obtain LNPs (DIVTECH) with properties suitable for the association of different types of nucleic acids. Assays to directly quantify EE% indicate that further optimization of the methodology is necessary, therefore, indirect quantification was employed. Furthermore, it was confirmed that DIVTECH LNPs successfully transfect Jurkat cells and primary CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocytes, while showing lower values in THP-1 cells differentiated into M2 macrophages. This indicates that DIVTECH LNPs has great potential for delivering different molecules to immune system cells, although adjustments to its composition are necessary to improve transfection efficacy for each cell type. This will enable us to develop the design of advanced novel therapy.
Direction
LUZARDO ALVAREZ, ASTERIA MARIA (Tutorships)
De la Fuente Freire, María (Co-tutorships)
LUZARDO ALVAREZ, ASTERIA MARIA (Tutorships)
De la Fuente Freire, María (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Design of the validation of the aseptic process simulation for the manufacture of a cell therapy based on CMV-specific T lymphocytes
Authorship
E.M.C.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
E.M.C.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Therapy with virus-specific T lymphocytes might be the solution for immunocompromised patients to prevent the development of common viral infections, such as cytomegalovirus, as an alternative to antiviral drugs, which are associated with multiple adverse effects. This type of cellular therapies are currently being tested in numerous clinical trials, such as Inmunocell-CTMV-2019, developed by the Sistema de Terapias Avanzadas de Cantabria, which involves CMV-specific T cells for patients who have undergone hematopoietic progenitor transplantation. For the actual production of the drug, it is necessary to carry out a process known as Media Fill, in which all manufacturing stages are faithfully reproduced, but materials and reagents are replaced by others with similar format and presentation that allow microbial growth. The Media Fill process enables us to evaluate whether the procedures would produce an aseptic final product, suitable for therapeutic in vivo use, or not. The present work proposes a Media Fill’s model design for the Centro de Terapias Avanzadas de Galicia, and presents the results obtained from a real simulation conducted at its facilities. The final aim in the near future is to iniciate therapy production at this center, once the three consecutive validated aseptic simulations required for its manufacture have been successfully completed.
Therapy with virus-specific T lymphocytes might be the solution for immunocompromised patients to prevent the development of common viral infections, such as cytomegalovirus, as an alternative to antiviral drugs, which are associated with multiple adverse effects. This type of cellular therapies are currently being tested in numerous clinical trials, such as Inmunocell-CTMV-2019, developed by the Sistema de Terapias Avanzadas de Cantabria, which involves CMV-specific T cells for patients who have undergone hematopoietic progenitor transplantation. For the actual production of the drug, it is necessary to carry out a process known as Media Fill, in which all manufacturing stages are faithfully reproduced, but materials and reagents are replaced by others with similar format and presentation that allow microbial growth. The Media Fill process enables us to evaluate whether the procedures would produce an aseptic final product, suitable for therapeutic in vivo use, or not. The present work proposes a Media Fill’s model design for the Centro de Terapias Avanzadas de Galicia, and presents the results obtained from a real simulation conducted at its facilities. The final aim in the near future is to iniciate therapy production at this center, once the three consecutive validated aseptic simulations required for its manufacture have been successfully completed.
Direction
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
López Lorenzo, Nuria (Co-tutorships)
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
López Lorenzo, Nuria (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Role of alternative splicing of Myo6 in Schwann cell functions
Authorship
P.O.F.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
P.O.F.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
Myosin VI (MYO6) is an unconventional myosin with an essential role in vesicular trafficking and actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Unlike other myosins, MYO6 moves towards the negative end of the actin filament, giving it specific functions in processes such as endocytosis and secretion. Several studies have shown that alternative splicing in Myo6 generates isoforms with different localisations and functions; however, the role of these events in Schwann cells during myelination remains to be characterised. A previous in silico analysis identified a specific alternative splicing event in Myo6 as a candidate of interest in Schwann cells. This event was experimentally validated in in vitro cultures of these cells and in injured peripheral nerve, as well as in in vitro promyelinating conditions induced by activation of the cAMP pathway. RT-PCR and RT-qPCR techniques were used to analyse the regulation of alternative splicing and total gene expression of Myo6, together with a set of functionally related candidate genes selected in this study. The results showed that Myo6 exhibits detectable alternative splicing and that activation of the cAMP pathway reproducibly regulates the analysed event. In turn, treatment with cAMP significantly affects the expression levels of Myo6 and its related genes Uspl1, Vldlr, and Sun1, while Ptpdc1 showed no relevant changes. Furthermore, the changes observed at the transcriptional level in Myo6 were accompanied by a significant increase in MYO6 protein, as well as the detection of multiple protein forms. Taken together, these results support the idea that alternative splicing of Myo6 constitutes a potentially relevant post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism in the functional plasticity of Schwann cells, especially in contexts associated with myelination.
Myosin VI (MYO6) is an unconventional myosin with an essential role in vesicular trafficking and actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Unlike other myosins, MYO6 moves towards the negative end of the actin filament, giving it specific functions in processes such as endocytosis and secretion. Several studies have shown that alternative splicing in Myo6 generates isoforms with different localisations and functions; however, the role of these events in Schwann cells during myelination remains to be characterised. A previous in silico analysis identified a specific alternative splicing event in Myo6 as a candidate of interest in Schwann cells. This event was experimentally validated in in vitro cultures of these cells and in injured peripheral nerve, as well as in in vitro promyelinating conditions induced by activation of the cAMP pathway. RT-PCR and RT-qPCR techniques were used to analyse the regulation of alternative splicing and total gene expression of Myo6, together with a set of functionally related candidate genes selected in this study. The results showed that Myo6 exhibits detectable alternative splicing and that activation of the cAMP pathway reproducibly regulates the analysed event. In turn, treatment with cAMP significantly affects the expression levels of Myo6 and its related genes Uspl1, Vldlr, and Sun1, while Ptpdc1 showed no relevant changes. Furthermore, the changes observed at the transcriptional level in Myo6 were accompanied by a significant increase in MYO6 protein, as well as the detection of multiple protein forms. Taken together, these results support the idea that alternative splicing of Myo6 constitutes a potentially relevant post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism in the functional plasticity of Schwann cells, especially in contexts associated with myelination.
Direction
ROMERO BERNARDEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Woodhoo , Ashwin (Co-tutorships)
RIOBELLO SUAREZ, CRISTINA (Co-tutorships)
ROMERO BERNARDEZ, MANUEL (Tutorships)
Woodhoo , Ashwin (Co-tutorships)
RIOBELLO SUAREZ, CRISTINA (Co-tutorships)
Court
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Chairman)
GARCIA MENENDEZ, VANESA (Secretary)
BALBOA MENDEZ, SABELA (Member)
Induced senescence in human hepatocytes and its influence on p107.
Authorship
L.O.V.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
L.O.V.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [S]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) is a pathology with a continuously increasing incidence, whose prevalence rises with age. Recent studies have linked cellular senescence to disease progression, as the accumulation of senescent cells has been associated with increased lipid deposition and metabolic dysfunction. However, senescence models in human hepatocytes remain poorly explored. On the other hand, the association between cell cycle regulators and their relationship with lipid metabolism and senescence has recently begun to emerge. Among these regulators, p107, a protein belonging to the RB family that has been shown to play a relevant role in lipid metabolism, has drawn our interest. The main objective of this Master’s Thesis is to develop and optimize a model of doxorubicin-induced senescence in human hepatocytes (HepG2 and THLE-2) and to study the possible involvement of p107 during this process. To this end, different treatment and maturation conditions will be evaluated, together with the characterization of the senescent phenotype and the analysis of the influence of p107 during senescence. The establishment of a reliable cellular model will allow future studies to investigate how hepatic senescence and p107 may contribute to the onset and progression of MASLD.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) is a pathology with a continuously increasing incidence, whose prevalence rises with age. Recent studies have linked cellular senescence to disease progression, as the accumulation of senescent cells has been associated with increased lipid deposition and metabolic dysfunction. However, senescence models in human hepatocytes remain poorly explored. On the other hand, the association between cell cycle regulators and their relationship with lipid metabolism and senescence has recently begun to emerge. Among these regulators, p107, a protein belonging to the RB family that has been shown to play a relevant role in lipid metabolism, has drawn our interest. The main objective of this Master’s Thesis is to develop and optimize a model of doxorubicin-induced senescence in human hepatocytes (HepG2 and THLE-2) and to study the possible involvement of p107 during this process. To this end, different treatment and maturation conditions will be evaluated, together with the characterization of the senescent phenotype and the analysis of the influence of p107 during senescence. The establishment of a reliable cellular model will allow future studies to investigate how hepatic senescence and p107 may contribute to the onset and progression of MASLD.
Direction
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
TOVAR CARRO, SULAY AMPARO (Co-tutorships)
SALGADO CASTRO, FRANCISCO JAVIER (Tutorships)
TOVAR CARRO, SULAY AMPARO (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Extraction and Characterization of Antioxidant Compounds Derived from Algae: Potential Application in the Food Industry
Authorship
C.O.L.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
C.O.L.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
Defense date
02.13.2026 08:30
02.13.2026 08:30
Summary
This Master’s thesis aims to evaluate the antioxidant potential of extracts obtained from different species of marine macroalgae, with possible application in the food industry as natural sources of bioactive compounds of functional interest. Eleven algal species were studied and classified according to the predominant coloration of their thalli into red (Rhodophyta), brown (Phaeophyceae), and green (Chlorophyta) algae. The samples were subjected to different extraction methods (Ultra-Turrax -UT-, ultrasonic bath -UB-, and the combination of both -UT+UB-). Subsequently, their antioxidant capacity was evaluated using spectrophotometric DPPH and ABTS+ assays. Additionally, the solid residue generated after the initial extraction was saponified, yielding additional extracts for further analysis. Furthermore, the chromatic properties of the extracts were analyzed using the CIELab system (L*, a*, b*), and transmittance in the ultraviolet region (200-400 nm) was assessed to evaluate their potential UV barrier effect. The results showed that, in general, brown algae exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity values in both assays. The combination of extraction methods improved the recovery of antioxidant compounds in certain species. Extracts obtained after saponification retained relevant antioxidant activity, highlighting the interest of applying complementary extraction steps. Regarding UV barrier properties, the extracts showed high absorption in the UVC-UVB region, with transmittance values below 10% in numerous cases. Overall, this study identifies algal species with high antioxidant and functional potential, with possible application as natural ingredients or active components in food packaging systems. In addition, an integral utilization of algal biomass is promoted, aimed at maximizing the recovery of compounds of interest and the valorization of by-products.
This Master’s thesis aims to evaluate the antioxidant potential of extracts obtained from different species of marine macroalgae, with possible application in the food industry as natural sources of bioactive compounds of functional interest. Eleven algal species were studied and classified according to the predominant coloration of their thalli into red (Rhodophyta), brown (Phaeophyceae), and green (Chlorophyta) algae. The samples were subjected to different extraction methods (Ultra-Turrax -UT-, ultrasonic bath -UB-, and the combination of both -UT+UB-). Subsequently, their antioxidant capacity was evaluated using spectrophotometric DPPH and ABTS+ assays. Additionally, the solid residue generated after the initial extraction was saponified, yielding additional extracts for further analysis. Furthermore, the chromatic properties of the extracts were analyzed using the CIELab system (L*, a*, b*), and transmittance in the ultraviolet region (200-400 nm) was assessed to evaluate their potential UV barrier effect. The results showed that, in general, brown algae exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity values in both assays. The combination of extraction methods improved the recovery of antioxidant compounds in certain species. Extracts obtained after saponification retained relevant antioxidant activity, highlighting the interest of applying complementary extraction steps. Regarding UV barrier properties, the extracts showed high absorption in the UVC-UVB region, with transmittance values below 10% in numerous cases. Overall, this study identifies algal species with high antioxidant and functional potential, with possible application as natural ingredients or active components in food packaging systems. In addition, an integral utilization of algal biomass is promoted, aimed at maximizing the recovery of compounds of interest and the valorization of by-products.
Direction
CAZON DIAZ, PATRICIA (Tutorships)
LOPEZ SANCHEZ, PATRICIA (Co-tutorships)
CAZON DIAZ, PATRICIA (Tutorships)
LOPEZ SANCHEZ, PATRICIA (Co-tutorships)
Court
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)
Irradiation studies in food and food contact materials
Authorship
E.R.L.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
E.R.L.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
Defense date
02.13.2026 08:30
02.13.2026 08:30
Summary
Food and food ingredients are treated with ionizing radiation among other purposes to reduce the incidence of foodborne diseases, or to decrease the deterioration of food products. Directives 1999/2/EC and 1999/3/EC establish the regulatory framework that regulates the application of ionizing radiation to foods within the European Union. Food safety is a critical aspect that must be addressed in irradiated foods. Given that most of these foods are irradiated once packaged, it is essential to know the effects of irradiation on plastic packaging materials, for example if new compounds have been generated, etc., which have the potential to migrate into foods, and thereby affect consumer health. In this Master’s Thesis, it is proposed to carry out a bibliographic review on the current state of the subject of food irradiation and plastic materials for food packaging, paying attention to food safety aspects, as well as the situation from a regulatory point of view in other countries. After the review of the different articles published in the last 10 years, the results show that irradiation is a safe and effective technology to extend the shelf life of foods and avoid post- harvest losses. Nevertheless, the need to select suitable packaging materials whose composition is not altered by irradiation is highlighted, thereby avoiding an increase in the release of potential migrants, and guaranteeing the safety of the final product.
Food and food ingredients are treated with ionizing radiation among other purposes to reduce the incidence of foodborne diseases, or to decrease the deterioration of food products. Directives 1999/2/EC and 1999/3/EC establish the regulatory framework that regulates the application of ionizing radiation to foods within the European Union. Food safety is a critical aspect that must be addressed in irradiated foods. Given that most of these foods are irradiated once packaged, it is essential to know the effects of irradiation on plastic packaging materials, for example if new compounds have been generated, etc., which have the potential to migrate into foods, and thereby affect consumer health. In this Master’s Thesis, it is proposed to carry out a bibliographic review on the current state of the subject of food irradiation and plastic materials for food packaging, paying attention to food safety aspects, as well as the situation from a regulatory point of view in other countries. After the review of the different articles published in the last 10 years, the results show that irradiation is a safe and effective technology to extend the shelf life of foods and avoid post- harvest losses. Nevertheless, the need to select suitable packaging materials whose composition is not altered by irradiation is highlighted, thereby avoiding an increase in the release of potential migrants, and guaranteeing the safety of the final product.
Direction
BARBOSA PEREIRA, LETRICIA (Tutorships)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Co-tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ BERNALDO DE QUIROS, ANA ISABEL (Co-tutorships)
BARBOSA PEREIRA, LETRICIA (Tutorships)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Co-tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ BERNALDO DE QUIROS, ANA ISABEL (Co-tutorships)
Court
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)
Metal-Driven Radical Divergence: Cu and Co as Directors of Redox Pathways in Bioinorganic Models
Authorship
M.R.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
M.R.P.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
This Master’s Thesis presents a comparative study on the influence of metal identity on the redox activation of a potentially non-innocent phenolic ligand. An aminebis(phenolate) ligand was synthesized and characterized, and an electrochemical synthetic methodology based on sacrificial metal anodes was developed to obtain neutral cobalt and copper complexes. The free ligand behaves as an electronically innocent system, acting as a latent structural framework whose redox activity is triggered only upon metal coordination. Structural and spectroscopic characterization of the resulting complexes reveals a metal-dependent redox behaviour. In the cobalt system, electrolysis initially affords a CoII complex that evolves spontaneously in air to a CoIIIsemiquinone species, in which a persistent ligand-centered radical state is stabilized through effective metal ligand cooperation. In contrast, the copper system does not stabilize persistent radical species; instead, it promotes transient oxidative activation processes that lead to irreversible ligand transformation and formation of a complex containing an aldehyde fragment. Direct comparison of both systems demonstrates that metal identity plays a decisive role in directing accessible redox pathways. From a bioinorganic perspective, these results provide simple yet informative synthetic models to rationalize divergent oxidative strategies in phenolic ligand systems, with conceptual analogies to cobalt- and copper-dependent metalloenzymes.
This Master’s Thesis presents a comparative study on the influence of metal identity on the redox activation of a potentially non-innocent phenolic ligand. An aminebis(phenolate) ligand was synthesized and characterized, and an electrochemical synthetic methodology based on sacrificial metal anodes was developed to obtain neutral cobalt and copper complexes. The free ligand behaves as an electronically innocent system, acting as a latent structural framework whose redox activity is triggered only upon metal coordination. Structural and spectroscopic characterization of the resulting complexes reveals a metal-dependent redox behaviour. In the cobalt system, electrolysis initially affords a CoII complex that evolves spontaneously in air to a CoIIIsemiquinone species, in which a persistent ligand-centered radical state is stabilized through effective metal ligand cooperation. In contrast, the copper system does not stabilize persistent radical species; instead, it promotes transient oxidative activation processes that lead to irreversible ligand transformation and formation of a complex containing an aldehyde fragment. Direct comparison of both systems demonstrates that metal identity plays a decisive role in directing accessible redox pathways. From a bioinorganic perspective, these results provide simple yet informative synthetic models to rationalize divergent oxidative strategies in phenolic ligand systems, with conceptual analogies to cobalt- and copper-dependent metalloenzymes.
Direction
RODRIGUEZ SILVA, LAURA (Tutorships)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Co-tutorships)
RODRIGUEZ SILVA, LAURA (Tutorships)
NUÑEZ GONZALEZ, CRISTINA (Co-tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Study of natural compounds on TRPV1 channels
Authorship
U.R.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
U.R.R.
Master's Degree in Molecular Biosciences [L]
Defense date
02.13.2026 16:00
02.13.2026 16:00
Summary
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a foodborne illness caused by the consumption of seafood contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs). The incidence of CFP has increased in recent years as a consequence of climate change and the geographic expansion of toxin producing microalgae. CFP is characterized by a wide variety of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurosensory symptoms, many of which still lack a clear pathophysiological explanation. Similarly, neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), caused by brevetoxins (BTXs), presents a comparable neurological symptomatology. Although the main mechanism of action described for CTXs and BTXs is the activation of voltage gated sodium channels, this mechanism does not fully explain the diversity and persistence of some sensory symptoms associated with both intoxications. In the present study, the effects of P-CTX-3C and BTX-3 on human transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels were investigated. TRPV1 is an ion channel involved in pain perception, temperature sensing, and inflammatory processes. To address this, electrophysiological studies were conducted in HEK293 cells expressing the human TRPV1 receptor, evaluating channel modulation under different physiological conditions. The results showed that P-CTX-3C significantly potentiates TRPV1 receptor activity, an effect that is amplified under acidic pH conditions, oxidative stress, increased intracellular ATP levels, and in the presence of the endogenous ligand anandamide. These conditions increased the amplitude of channel currents and shifted channel activation toward more hyperpolarized potentials. In contrast, BTX-3 did not exhibit direct effects on the TRPV1 receptor. However, the combination of BTX-3 with P-CTX-3C produced an allosteric effect, leading to significant activation of TRPV1 channels.
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a foodborne illness caused by the consumption of seafood contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs). The incidence of CFP has increased in recent years as a consequence of climate change and the geographic expansion of toxin producing microalgae. CFP is characterized by a wide variety of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurosensory symptoms, many of which still lack a clear pathophysiological explanation. Similarly, neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), caused by brevetoxins (BTXs), presents a comparable neurological symptomatology. Although the main mechanism of action described for CTXs and BTXs is the activation of voltage gated sodium channels, this mechanism does not fully explain the diversity and persistence of some sensory symptoms associated with both intoxications. In the present study, the effects of P-CTX-3C and BTX-3 on human transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels were investigated. TRPV1 is an ion channel involved in pain perception, temperature sensing, and inflammatory processes. To address this, electrophysiological studies were conducted in HEK293 cells expressing the human TRPV1 receptor, evaluating channel modulation under different physiological conditions. The results showed that P-CTX-3C significantly potentiates TRPV1 receptor activity, an effect that is amplified under acidic pH conditions, oxidative stress, increased intracellular ATP levels, and in the presence of the endogenous ligand anandamide. These conditions increased the amplitude of channel currents and shifted channel activation toward more hyperpolarized potentials. In contrast, BTX-3 did not exhibit direct effects on the TRPV1 receptor. However, the combination of BTX-3 with P-CTX-3C produced an allosteric effect, leading to significant activation of TRPV1 channels.
Direction
VALE GONZALEZ, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
VALE GONZALEZ, MARIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
Court
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
LAMAS FERNANDEZ, JESUS (Chairman)
POLO TOBAJAS, ESTER (Secretary)
LAMAS FREIRE, ALEXANDRE (Member)
Quorum sensing inhibition as a strategy for controlling bacterial biofilms in the food sector
Authorship
M.S.C.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
M.S.C.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
Defense date
02.13.2026 10:00
02.13.2026 10:00
Summary
Bacterial biofilms constitute an advanced form of microbial resistance that facilitates the contamination of surfaces and products, accelerates food spoilage and allows the persistence of pathogens even after sanitization procedures, representing a growing challenge for the food industry. In this context, quorum sensing is recognized as a key signaling mechanism in the formation and persistence of biofilms, positioning strategies to inhibit this signaling, also known as quorum quenching, as an innovative alternative for their control. Through a literature review, this work aims to analyze the role of quorum sensing in the development of bacterial biofilms relevant to the food sector, as well as to review the main strategies aimed at its inhibition and their effectiveness on food matrices and contact surfaces. Furthermore, the current level of applicability of these strategies in the food sector is examined to evaluate the potential of quorum sensing inhibition as an effective tool to improve food safety without resorting to conventional antimicrobials, while also recognizing the key challenges that still need to be overcome for their implementation at the industrial level.
Bacterial biofilms constitute an advanced form of microbial resistance that facilitates the contamination of surfaces and products, accelerates food spoilage and allows the persistence of pathogens even after sanitization procedures, representing a growing challenge for the food industry. In this context, quorum sensing is recognized as a key signaling mechanism in the formation and persistence of biofilms, positioning strategies to inhibit this signaling, also known as quorum quenching, as an innovative alternative for their control. Through a literature review, this work aims to analyze the role of quorum sensing in the development of bacterial biofilms relevant to the food sector, as well as to review the main strategies aimed at its inhibition and their effectiveness on food matrices and contact surfaces. Furthermore, the current level of applicability of these strategies in the food sector is examined to evaluate the potential of quorum sensing inhibition as an effective tool to improve food safety without resorting to conventional antimicrobials, while also recognizing the key challenges that still need to be overcome for their implementation at the industrial level.
Direction
Miguel Bouzas, María Trinidad de (Tutorships)
Miguel Bouzas, María Trinidad de (Tutorships)
Court
HERRERO LATORRE, CARLOS (Chairman)
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Member)
HERRERO LATORRE, CARLOS (Chairman)
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Secretary)
SENDON GARCIA, RAQUEL (Member)
Non-dairy fermented beverages: technological innovation and functional potential in human nutrition
Authorship
L.S.A.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
L.S.A.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
Defense date
02.13.2026 08:30
02.13.2026 08:30
Summary
Non-dairy fermented beverages (NDFBs) have attracted particular interest in recent years as functional alternatives to dairy products, driven by changes in consumer habits, dietary restrictions, and the growing demand for more sustainable foods. The aim of this work is to analyze current knowledge on NDFBs from a microbiological, technological, functional, and nutritional perspective. A bibliographic review of scientific literature published between 2015 and 2025 was conducted using the Scopus and Web of Science data base, analyzing a total of 113 scientific articles. The review first addresses the microbiological and biochemical principles underlying the fermentation of plant-based matrices, including the main fermentation types involved and the most relevant microbial groups, such as lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, and acetic acid bacteria. In addition, the main NDFBs described in the literature, such as kombucha, water kefir and bors are examined, along with a comparison of their nutritional profiles according to the plant matrix of origin. Subsequently, emerging technologies applied to the production, preservation, and stabilization of NDFBs are discussed, and their functional potential is evaluated, with particular attention to the generation of bioactive compounds and the available preclinical and clinical evidence regarding their health effects. The review also explores innovative formulation strategies, including the use of agro-industrial by-products and fortification with fibers, minerals, and vitamins, highlighting their contribution to sustainability and to the enhancement of the functional profile of NDFBs. Finally, sensory factors influencing consumer acceptance and current market trends are reviewed. Overall, the available evidence positions NDFBs as a versatile platform for the development of functional beverages, while emphasizing the need for further research to consolidate their health benefits and industrial viability.
Non-dairy fermented beverages (NDFBs) have attracted particular interest in recent years as functional alternatives to dairy products, driven by changes in consumer habits, dietary restrictions, and the growing demand for more sustainable foods. The aim of this work is to analyze current knowledge on NDFBs from a microbiological, technological, functional, and nutritional perspective. A bibliographic review of scientific literature published between 2015 and 2025 was conducted using the Scopus and Web of Science data base, analyzing a total of 113 scientific articles. The review first addresses the microbiological and biochemical principles underlying the fermentation of plant-based matrices, including the main fermentation types involved and the most relevant microbial groups, such as lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, and acetic acid bacteria. In addition, the main NDFBs described in the literature, such as kombucha, water kefir and bors are examined, along with a comparison of their nutritional profiles according to the plant matrix of origin. Subsequently, emerging technologies applied to the production, preservation, and stabilization of NDFBs are discussed, and their functional potential is evaluated, with particular attention to the generation of bioactive compounds and the available preclinical and clinical evidence regarding their health effects. The review also explores innovative formulation strategies, including the use of agro-industrial by-products and fortification with fibers, minerals, and vitamins, highlighting their contribution to sustainability and to the enhancement of the functional profile of NDFBs. Finally, sensory factors influencing consumer acceptance and current market trends are reviewed. Overall, the available evidence positions NDFBs as a versatile platform for the development of functional beverages, while emphasizing the need for further research to consolidate their health benefits and industrial viability.
Direction
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
MONDRAGON PORTOCARRERO, ALICIA DEL CARMEN (Tutorships)
Court
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)
Perception and consumption of probiotics in celiac individuals from Galicia and their relationship with digestive symptoms and quality of life (2025)
Authorship
G.A.V.T.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
G.A.V.T.
Master's Degree in Innovation in Nutrition, Food Safety and Technology
Defense date
02.13.2026 08:30
02.13.2026 08:30
Summary
Introduction: Celiac disease is a chronic condition whose main treatment is a gluten-free diet. However, many adults continue to experience digestive symptoms and limitations in their quality of life, which has generated interest in the use of probiotics as a complementary strategy. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the perception, consumption, and attitudes toward probiotics in adults with celiac disease in Galicia, as well as digestive symptoms and perceived quality of life. Method: An observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study was conducted in a sample of 167 adults with celiac disease living in Galicia, using an online questionnaire that included questions on probiotics and the CeD-GSRS and CD-QOL questionnaires. The analysis was exclusively descriptive. Results: The results showed a high level of knowledge about probiotics and a generally favorable perception of their use. Consumption was frequent, mainly through fermented foods. Digestive symptoms were mild in most participants, although a subgroup with moderate symptoms was identified. Quality of life was described in a higher proportion in the social, emotional, and economic domains. Conclusion: A positive perception and frequent consumption of probiotics were observed, together with a predominantly mild level of digestive symptoms and specific areas of impact on quality of life.
Introduction: Celiac disease is a chronic condition whose main treatment is a gluten-free diet. However, many adults continue to experience digestive symptoms and limitations in their quality of life, which has generated interest in the use of probiotics as a complementary strategy. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the perception, consumption, and attitudes toward probiotics in adults with celiac disease in Galicia, as well as digestive symptoms and perceived quality of life. Method: An observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study was conducted in a sample of 167 adults with celiac disease living in Galicia, using an online questionnaire that included questions on probiotics and the CeD-GSRS and CD-QOL questionnaires. The analysis was exclusively descriptive. Results: The results showed a high level of knowledge about probiotics and a generally favorable perception of their use. Consumption was frequent, mainly through fermented foods. Digestive symptoms were mild in most participants, although a subgroup with moderate symptoms was identified. Quality of life was described in a higher proportion in the social, emotional, and economic domains. Conclusion: A positive perception and frequent consumption of probiotics were observed, together with a predominantly mild level of digestive symptoms and specific areas of impact on quality of life.
Direction
JOVER RAMOS, AIDA (Tutorships)
JOVER RAMOS, AIDA (Tutorships)
Court
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)
COBOS GARCIA, ANGEL (Chairman)
TORRES PEÑA, FRANCISCO JOSE (Secretary)
REGAL LÓPEZ, PATRICIA (Member)